Diffusion and Osmosis Flashcards
(23 cards)
fick’s 1st law of diffusion predicts what?
motion of the solute during diffusion
fick’s 1st law of diffusion equation
J = A D (delta C / delta X)
J: net flux
A: surface area it passes through
D: diffusion coefficient
delta C / delta X: concentration gradient
fick’s 2nd law of diffusion tells you what?
avg time it takes a particle to diffuse from start point to chosen end point
according to fick’s 2nd law…
larger diffusion distance for a particle =
longer diffusion time for that particle
according to fick’s 1st law…
(D = diffusion coefficient)
high temperature = ? D
high D
according to fick’s 1st law…
(D = diffusion coefficient)
high viscosity = ? D
low D
according to fick’s 1st law…
(D = diffusion coefficient)
large solute size = ? D
low D
fick’s 2nd law of diffusion equation
T = (delta X)^2 / 2D
T: avg time it takes particle to diffuse
delta X: diffusion distance
D: diffusion coefficient
define “equivalents”
moles of ion multiplied by number of charges
define “osmoles”
moles of fully solubilized solute particles
what is the normal osmolarity range for ICF / ECF in humans?
275 - 300 osmol/L
what is a solution called w osmolarity within normal range for ICF / ECF?
iso-osmotic
what is a solution called w osmolarity below normal range for ICF / ECF?
hypo-osmotic
what is a solution called w osmolarity above normal range for ICF / ECF?
hyper-osmotic
define “osmolarity”
moles of fully solubilized solute particles (osmoles)
/ per L
what is an effective osmole?
non-permeable solute
what is an ineffective solute?
permeable solute (bc can freely move)
define “tonicity”
the movement of water caused by changes in osmotic pressure between ICF and ECF
what direction is water flowing in a hypertonic cell?
OUT
what direction is water flowing in an isotonic cell?
no net water flow
what direction is water flowing in a hypotonic cell?
IN
draw diagram in notebook of:
[ICF] and [ECF] for 4 main ions in human body
solutions that contain an ineffective solute, cause what type of tonicity in a cell?
hypotonic
