Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Medical Terminology > Digested System > Flashcards

Digested System Flashcards

1
Q

abdominal
ab-dAH-muhn-

A

-al. pertaining to
Combiningform:abdomin/o. abdomen

Pertaining to the abdomen. The abdomen contains many vitalorgans: the stomach, the small intestine (jejunum and ileum),the large intestine (colon), the liver, the spleen, the gallbladder,the pancreas, the uterus, the fallopian tubes, the ovaries, thekidneys, the ureters, the bladder, and many blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

gastrointestinal (GI)
gas-troh-in-tEs-tuhn-

A

al
pertaining to
Combing form:
gastr/o
stomach
Refers to the stomach and the intestines.
However, the gastrointestinal track refers to the digestive system that leads from the mouth to the anus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

stomatitis
stoh-muh-tIE-tuhs

A

-itis
inflammation
stomat/o
mouth

Inflammation of the mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

glossitis
glah-sIE-tuhs

A

Suffix
-itis
inflammation
Combing form:
gloss/o
tongue

Inflammation of the tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

gingivitis
jin-juh-vIE-tuhs

A

-itis
inflammation
gingiv/o
gum

Inflammation of the gums

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

cheilitis

A

-itis
inflammation
cheil/o. lip

Inflammation of the lip or lips

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

sialolithiasis

A

-iasis
abnormal condition
sial/o
saliva, salivary gland
lith/o
stone

Salivary stones, also called sialolithiasis, are hardened mineral deposits that form in the salivary glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

celiac disease
sEE-lee-ak di-zEEz

A

-ic
pertaining to
celi/o
belly; abdomen

Celiac disease is an autoimmune disease where the ingestion of gluten leads to damage in the small intestine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

dyspepsia
dis-pEp-shuh

A

-ia
condition
dys-
difficult, abnormal

peps/o
digestion

Upset stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

gastritis
ga-strIE-tuhs

A

-itis
inflammation
gastr/o
stomach

Inflammation of the stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

gastroenteritis
gas-troh-en-tuhr-rIE-tuhs

A

-itis
inflammation
gastr/o
stomach

enter/o
intestine

Inflammation and irritation of the stomach and intestines.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
gAs-troi-sah-fuh-jEE-uhl
rEE-fluhks
di-zEEz

A

-al
pertaining to
gastr/o
stomach

esophag/o
esophagus

Burning feeling in the chest (heart burn) that comes from acid made from the return of stomach contents up the esophagus and into the mouth. (regurgitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

hernia
hUHR-nee-uh

A

-ia
condition
herni/o
hernia

When one of your organs pushes through the muscle or tissue that contains it. Often comes from heavy lifting.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

hyperemesis

A

-sis
condition
hyper
above, beyond, excessive

emesis
vomiting

Excessive vomiting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

peritonitis
pair-uh-tuh-nIE-tuhs

A

-itis
inflammation
peritone/o
peritoneum

Inflammation of the peritoneum, the lining of the abdominal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

pyrosis
pie-rOH-suhs

A

-osis; usually abnormal
condition
pyr/o
fever; fire

Heartburn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

ileus
(il-ee-uh s)

A

-us
structure things
ileum (the lower part of the small intestine)

When your intestine stops making wave-like movements that push broken-down food and waste to to the anus and stimulate a bowel movement. Untreated ileus can lead to severe complications such as bowel perforation, infection, and sepsis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

intussusception
(in-tuh-suh-SEP-shun

A

A condition in which part of the intestine slides into an adjacent part of the intestine. This telescoping action can block food or fluid from passing through. Intussusception also cuts off the blood supply to the part of the intestine that’s affected.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

volvulus
(vawl-yoo-luhs)

A

-us
structure things
volv/o
to roll

An obstruction (blockage) due to a knotting and twisting of part of the intestines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

appendicitis
uh-pen-duh-sIE-tuhs

A

-itis
inflammation
append/o
appendix

An inflammation of the appendix. The appendix is a finger-shaped pouch that sticks out from the colon on the lower right side of the belly, also called the abdomen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

colitis
koh-lIE-tuhs

A

-itis inflammation
col/o
colon (large intestine)

Inflammation of the colon. It can cause abdominal pain, diarrhea, and rectal bleeding.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

diverticulum
die-vuhr-tIk-yuh-luhm

A

-um
structure; tissue; thing
diverticul/o-
divertiulum

A single outpouching of the wall of the large intestine (colon) that forms a sac.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

diverticula
die-vuhr-tIk-yuh-luh

A

diverticul/o-
divertiulum

Diverticula (plural)are multiple outpouching of the wall of the large intestine (colon) that forms a sac.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

diverticulosis
die-vuhr-tik-yuh-lOH-suhs

A

-osis
condition
diverticul/o-
divertiulum

Diverticulosis is the condition of having diverticulum or diverticula. Most people who have diverticulosis do not have symptoms or problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
diverticulitis die-vuhr-tik-yuh-lIE-tuhs
-itis inflammation diverticul/o- divertiulum When the diverticulum or diverticula become infected and inflamed. Infection can come from trapped feces.
26
enteritis en-tuhr-rIE-tuhs
-itis inflammation enter/o intestine Inflammation of the intestine
27
enteropathy en-tuhr-rAH-puh-thee
-pathy disease enter/o intestine Any disease of the intestine.
28
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
A common, chronic, noninflammatory condition characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habits (diarrhea or constipation or both). There is no detectable pathologic change.
29
polyp pAH-luhp
polyp/o polyp; small growth A small growth. A colorectal polyp refers to polyps in the colon and rectum. They are typically not dangerous but left untreated can become cancerous.
30
hemorrhoid (hEm-roidz)
-oid resembling hem/o blood rrh/o flow Also called piles, are swollen varicose veins in the anus and lower rectum. Hemorrhoids can get irritated with the passing of feces.
31
proctitis (prok-tahy-tis)
-itis inflammation proct/o anus; rectum Inflammation of the lining of the rectum. The rectum is a muscular tube that's connected to the end of your colon. Stool passes through the rectum on its way out of the body.
32
rectocele (ret-rOH-seel)
-cele rect/o rectum Rectoceles involve a herniation of the rectum into the vaginal wall that results in a vaginal bulge.
33
cirrhosis suhr-rOH-suhs
-osis condition A condition in which the liver is scarred and permanently damaged. Scar tissue replaces healthy liver tissue and prevents the liver from working normally. Scar tissue also partly blocks the flow of blood through the liver. As cirrhosis gets worse, the liver begins to fail
34
hepatitis hep-uh-tIE-tuhs
-itis inflammation hepat/o liver Inflammation of the liver.
35
hepatomegaly hep-uh-toh-mEg-uh-lee
-megaly enlargement hepat/o liver Enlargement of the liver.
36
hepatoma hep-uh-tOH-muh
-oma tumor; mass; fluid collection hepat/o liver A tumor of the liver. The most common type of liver cancer. Hepatomas are almost always malignant.
37
cholangitis
Suffix: -itis inflammation Combining Form: angi/o blood vessel Combining Form: chol/o bile inflammation of bile ducts
38
cholecystitis (koh-luh-sis-tIE-tuhs)
-itis inflammation cyst/o bladder; sac; sac of fluid chol/e bile inflammation of the gallbladder
39
cholelithiasis (koh-luh-li-thIE-uh-suhs)
-iasis condition; formation of chol/e bile lith/o stone the presence or formation of gallstones;
40
pancreatitis pang-kree-uh-tIE-tuhs
-itis inflammation pancreat/o pancreas inflammation of the pancreas. The pancreas is a large gland behind the stomach and close to the first part of the small intestine. It secretes digestive juices into the small intestine through a tube called the pancreatic duct. The pancreas also releases the hormones insulin and glucagon into the bloodstream. It happens when digestive enzymes start digesting the pancreas itself.
41
anorexia an-uhr-rEk-see-uh
Suffix: -ia condition Prefix: an- without; lacking Lack of appetite
42
constipation kahn-stuh-pAY-shuhn
Infrequent or difficult bowel movements
43
diarrhea die-uhr-rEE-uh
Suffix: -rrhea flow; discharge dia- across; through Abnormal frequency and liquidity of fecal discharges.
44
dysphagia dis-fAY-juh
Suffix: -ia condition Prefix: dys- difficult, abnormal Combining form: phag/o eating; swallowing Difficulty in swallowing
45
flatulence flAch-uh-luhns
Presence of excessive amounts of air or gas in the stomach or intestine, leading to distention (bloating) of the organs.
46
hematochezia
Suffix: -ia condition Combining form: hemat/o blood Combining form: chez/o to defecate Presence of blood in the feces.
47
obstipation
A severe form of constipation, where a person cannot pass stool or gas
48
polyphagia pah-lee-fAY-juh
Suffix: -ia condition Prefix: poly- many, excessive Combining form: phag/o eating; swallowing Excessive eating or hunger
49
abdominocentesis ab-dAH-muhn-oh-sen-tEE-suhs
-centesis surgical puncture to remove fluid abdomin/o abdomen A medical procedure where a needle is inserted into the abdominal cavity to remove fluid for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.
50
cholangiography kuh-lan-jee-AH-gruh-fee
-graphy chol/e bile Combining form: angi/o blood vessel Cholangiography means looking at the structure of the bile ducts and gallbladder using contrast materials.
51
colonoscopy koh-luh-nAH-skuh-pee
-scopy the process of examining colon/o colon The insertion of a long, thin tube to examine the colon. The colon is the longest part of the large intestine. In addition to the colon, the large intestine include the rectum and anus.
52
endoscopy (en-dAH-skuh-pee)
-scopy the process of examining endo- within; inner the insertion of a long, thin tube directly into the body to observe an internal organ — such as the gastrointestinal tract
53
endoscope (En-duh-skohp)
-scope endo- within; inner The tool used in an endoscopy. A long thin tube with a camera attached
54
nasogastric tube – NG tube (nay-zoh-gAs-trik)
-ic pertaining to nas/o nasal gastr/o stomach A nasogastric tube (NG tube) is a type of medical catheter that’s inserted through your nose into your stomach. It’s used for limited periods to deliver substances such as food or medications to your stomach or to draw substances out.
55
upper gastrointestinal series (UGI)
-al pertaining to gastr/o stomach intestin/o intestine An upper GI series is a group of X-ray tests that look at your GI tract -- your food pipe (the esophagus), stomach, and the first part of your small intestine (the duodenum) while they're working. It's sometimes called UGI for short.
56
appendectomy ap-uhn-dEk-tuh-mee
Suffix: -ectomy cut out; surgical removal Combing form: append/o appendix Surgical removal of the appendix
57
cholecystectomy koh-luh-sis-tEk-tuh-mee
Suffix: -ectomy cut out; surgical removal combining form: chol/e bile; gall combining form: cyst/o urinary bladder; cyst; sac of fluid Surgical removal of the gall bladder
58
gastrectomy gAs-trEk-tuh-mee
Suffix: -ectomy cut out; surgical removal combining form: gastr/o stomach surgical removal of all or part of the stomach
59
gastroplasty ga-str-OH-plas-tee
Suffix: -plasty surgically rebuild combining form: gastr/o stomach a surgical procedure performed on the stomach to decrease its size or repair a defect
60
gastrostomy gAs-trAH-stuh-mee
Suffix: -ostomy surgical creation of a new opening combining form: gastr/o stomach The surgical creation of a whole in the stomach that allows for tube feeding.
61
herniorrhaphy hUHR-nee-or-AH-fee
Suffix: -tomy to suture Surgical repair of a hernia
62
laparotomy lap-uhr-rAH-tuh-mee
Suffix: -tomy to cut into combining form: lapar/o abdominal wall; abdomen a surgical incision into the abdominal cavity, for diagnosis or in preparation for surgery.
63
polypectomy pAH-luhp-Ek-tuh-mee
Suffix: -ectomy cut out; surgical removal Combining form: polyp/o polyp; small growth Surgical removal of polyps
64
antacid ant-As-uhd
Prefix: anti- against Drugs that help to treat heartburn (indigestion). They work by neutralizing the stomach acid that causes heartburn
65
antibiotic an-tie-bie-AH-tik
Suffix: -al pertaining to Prefix: anti- against Combining form bi/o life Medicines that fight infections caused by bacteria
66
antiemetic an-tie-i-mEt-ik
Suffix: -ic pertaining to Prefix: anti- against Drugs that prevent or treat nausea and vomiting.
67
sublingual suhb-lIng-gwuhl
Suffix: -al pertaining to Prefix: sub- under Combining form ling/o tongue Under the tongue. Sublingual medications are placed under the tongue until they dissolve
68
gastroenterologist gas-troh-en-tuhr-rAH-luh-jist
-ist specialist gastr/o stomach log/o study of Combining form: enter/o within;inner A physician with dedicated training management of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and liver.

Medical Terminology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions