Digestion

Question 1

Order of digestion

Answer 1

Ingestion- taking in food

Digestion- biochemical process - breakdown of food into smaller parts

Absorption- small food particles

Assimilation- food particles become part of the cell

Egestion- removal of undigested food

Question 2

Hardest part of our body? Which cells secrete this?

Answer 2

Enamel is the hardest part of our body

Cells secrete ameloblast

Question 3

Dentin’s cell

Answer 3

Odontoblast

Question 4

What is thecodont type of dentition

Answer 4

Tooth is embedded in the socket of skull

Question 5

Bunodont type of dentition?

Answer 5

Teeths have low cusps

Question 6

What is heterodont?

Answer 6

Different types of teeths: incisors, canines, premolars, molars

Question 7

No. Of roots in the following teeths?
Insisors
Canines
Premolars
Molars

Answer 7

Insisors:  used for cutting (1 root)
Canine: used for tearing (1 root)
Premolar: used for chewing
                  U.J. 2 roots
                  L.J. 1 root
Molar: used for grinding & crushing
                  U.J. 3 roots
                  L.J. 2 roots

Question 8

Dental formula for milk teeth

Answer 8

U.J. 2102
———. × 2
L.J. 2102

Question 9

Dental formula for permanent teeth?

Answer 9

U.J. 2123
———. × 2
L.J. 2123

Question 10

Monophyodont?

Answer 10

0021
——-. × 2. (Once in life)
0021

Question 11

Diphyodont?

Answer 11

Twice in life

2102
——- × 2
2102

Question 12

Structures present in tongue which has taste buds

Answer 12

Papillae

Question 13

What are the types of papillae (from root to tip of the tongue)

Answer 13

Circumvallate papillae (largest)
Foliate papillae (sides me rhte)
Filliform papillae ( centre me)
Fungiform papillae (red colour on the tip of the tongue)

Question 14

What is the common chamber for food and air?

Answer 14

Pharynx

Question 15

What is that hanging structure in the mouth?

Answer 15

Uvula

Question 16

The oesophagus and trachea opens into

Answer 16

Pharynx

Question 17

Layers of alimentary canal from outside to inside

Answer 17

Serosa - muscularis - sub mucosa - mucosa

Question 18

Which layer is composed of outer longitudinal muscle and inner circular muscle?

Answer 18

Muscularis

Question 19

Mucosa layers?

Answer 19

Muscularis mucosa
Lamina propria
Epithelium

Question 20

Sub mucosa has which type of connective tissue?

Answer 20

Areolar connective tissue

Question 21

Plexus present between serosa and muscularis?

Answer 21

Myenteric plexus / plexus of auerbach

Question 22

Plexus present in sub mucosa layer?

Answer 22

Neisnner’s / sub mucosal plexus

Also called brain of the gut

Question 23

Function of myenteric plexus ?

Answer 23

Peristalsis

Question 24

Function of neisnner’s plexus

Answer 24

Glandular secretion

Question 25

Folds in stomach is called

Answer 25

Rugae

Question 26

Folds in stomach is called

Answer 26

Rugae

Question 27

Folds in small intestine is called

Answer 27

Villi

Question 28

Is there any gland in oesophagus

Answer 28

No it has no glands

Question 29

Acidic food in stomach is called?

Answer 29

Chyme

Question 30

pH of stomach?

Answer 30

1.5-1.7

Question 31

Lowest part of stomach is called

Answer 31

Pylorus

Question 32

Different types of cells in gastric glands are?

Answer 32

Chief cell/ peptic cell/ zymogenic cell Oxyntic cell/ parietal cell Goblet cell G- cell

Question 33

Inactive zymogens present in zymogenic cell are?

Answer 33

Pepsinogen --> protein digesting Prorennin

Question 34

Gastric lipase is present in which cell?

Answer 34

Zymogenic cell

Question 35

Oxyntic cell secrete?

Answer 35

HCL | Castle's intrinsic factor

Question 36

Goblet cells secrete?

Answer 36

Mucus

Question 37

Functios of G- cell ?

Answer 37

Gastrin hormone | Stimulate gastric secretion and motility

Question 38

Functions of HCL

Answer 38

- Provides acidic medium - kill microbes - inactivate salivary amylase - converts pepsinogen into pepsin - converts prorennin into rennin - converts ferric form into ferrous form

Question 39

Function of castle's intrinsic factor?

Answer 39

- absorption of vitamin B12

Question 40

What is required for RBC formation?

Answer 40

Vitamin B12 + ferrous

Question 41

Disease which occur when oxyntic cell is damaged?

Answer 41

Pernicious anaemia

Question 42

Parts of small intestine are?

Answer 42

Duodenum Jejenum Illeum