digestion

Question 1

example ingestion

Answer 1

taking food in to the body(mouth)

Question 2

name one method by mechanical digestion takes place. in the case of the method you have need, indicate in what part of the alimentary canal it takes place

Answer 2

crushing by teeth or peristalsis in oesophagus

Question 3

explain the function of the hydrochloric acid found in the stomach

Answer 3

kills bacteria

Question 4

state two ways in which mucus protects the stomach wall from damage by the contents of the gastric glands

Answer 4

protects stomach from hydrochloric acid

Question 5

the wall of the small intestine has adaptions that help speed absorption, name the adaption that: increases the surface area over which absorption occurs

Answer 5

Villi

Question 6

the wall of the small intestine has adaptions that help speed absorption, name the adaption that: allows rapid diffusion of the end products of digestion into the bloodstream

Answer 6

one cell thick

Question 7

state one function of the hepatic portal vein

Answer 7

carries products of digestion to the liver

Question 8

name two parts of the large intestine

Answer 8

colon caecum or rectum

Question 9

state two functions of the large intestine

Answer 9

absorption of water/ digestion / absorb vitamins

Question 10

what term is used to describe the beneficial bacteria that live in the human digestive tract

Answer 10

symbiotic

Question 11

give two examples of the beneficial effects of symbiotic bacteria

Answer 11

production of vitamin B and K and breakdown of undigested food

Question 12

state two beneficial effects of a high-fibre diet

Answer 12

normalise bowel movements / aid in weight management

Question 13

how has the small intestine adapted to absorb food

Answer 13

has villi / rich in blood supply /walls are one cell thick

Question 14

distinguish between mechanical and chemical digestion

Answer 14

breakdown of food physically and breakdown of food using enzymes

Question 15

name the four stages of digestion

Answer 15

digestion, absorption, ingestion and digestion

Question 16

ame the two products of complete lipid digestion by lipase

Answer 16

fatty acids and glycerol

Question 17

name the location in the digestive system where lipase digests lipids

Answer 17

duodenum

Question 18

suggest the optimum pH fro the digestion of lipids, in the duodenum

Answer 18

7-9

Question 19

describe the action of bile on lipids

Answer 19

increases surface area

Question 19

name the structure inside each villus that absorbs the products of lipid digestion

Answer 19

lacteal

Question 20

what is meant by the term digestion

Answer 20

the breakdown of food

Question 21

why is digestion necessary in human

Answer 21

to make nutrient and transport of nutrients

Question 22

what is the name given to the removal of undigested wastes from the human body

Answer 22

egestion

Question 23

give the precise location where villi are most abundant

Answer 23

small intestine or ileum or duodenum

Question 24

name the blood vessel that carries digested nutrients

Answer 24

hepatic portal vein

Question 25

to what organ are digested nutrients first transported to

Answer 25

liver

Question 26

give a function of the liver other than storage

Answer 26

detoxification or breaks down red blood cells

Question 27

name the process and explain how food is moved along the digestive system

Answer 27

peristalsis by muscular contractions

Question 28

how is food passed along the alimentary canal

Answer 28

peristalsis

Question 29

enzyme that digests dietary protein

Answer 29

pepsin

Question 30

where is pepsin act

Answer 30

stomach

Question 31

what is the ph of pepsin

Answer 31

1-2

Question 32

where is pepsin produced

Answer 32

gastric glands

Question 33

products formed by complete protein digestion

Answer 33

amino acids

Question 34

what is a heterotroph

Answer 34

eats other organisms / cannot make there own food

Question 35

what is an autotroph

Answer 35

an organism that makes there own food eg plants with photosynthesis

Question 36

what is an omnivore

Answer 36

eats both animal and plant material

Question 37

what is meant by a balanced diet

Answer 37

correct amount of each food group

Question 38

what is lipase

Answer 38

an enzyme that digests lipids

Question 39

where in the alimentary canal is lipase secreted

Answer 39

stomach or duodenum

Question 40

what is the ph of lipase

Answer 40

7-9

Question 41

what is pepsin

Answer 41

a digestive enzyme in the stomach

Question 42

what is the dental formula

Answer 42

I 2/2 C 1/1 PH 2/2 M 3/3

Question 43

give two functions of the large intestine

Answer 43

absorption of water / egestion

Question 44

where in the human alimentary canal is water most absorbed

Answer 44

large intestine

Question 45

give one digestion function of the pancreas

Answer 45

produce enzyme and neutralise chyme

Question 46

name a substance transported tot eh liver by the blood in the hepatic portal vein

Answer 46

CO2

Question 47

where is bile stored

Answer 47

gall bladder

Question 48

name 7 parts of the digestive system

Answer 48

mouth, pharynx, oesophagus, liver, stomach, pancreas, gall bladder, bile duct, duodenum, ileum, colon, caecum, appendix, rectum, anus

Question 49

name a type of protease

Answer 49

pepsin in the stomach

Question 50

what does amylase do

Answer 50

breaks down starch into maltose… pH 7.5 needed

Question 51

what is the name given to the churned food in the stomach

Answer 51

chyme

Question 52

name 3 pancreatic enzymes

Answer 52

pancreatic amylase, pancreatic lipase, pancreatic protease

Question 53

what does the hepatic vein do

Answer 53

carries deoxygenated, nutrient rich blood away from the liver

Question 54

what does the heptaic artery do

Answer 54

carries oxygenated blood to the liver