digestion & absorption of the food nutrients

Question 1

Where does the GI tract start and end

Answer 1

starts in the esophagus. ends in the anus

Question 2

Once nutrients leave the GI tract. where do the travel through?

Answer 2

hepatic-portal vein then to the liver

Question 3

What is peristalsis?

Answer 3

smooth muscle contractions that compress and squeeze the GI tract.

Question 4

What is segmentation?

Answer 4

Mixing food in the stomach

Question 5

What is the role of sphincters?

Answer 5

controls passage of food.

Question 6

Where are the four sphincters located

Answer 6

esophageal pyloric lleocecal and anal

Question 7

What are the two types of digestion?

Answer 7

mechanical-chewing

and chemical

Question 8

How does chewing aid digestion

Answer 8

easier to swallow

digestive enzymes have more surface area

Question 9

Salivary amylase is a digestive enzyme in the __?

Answer 9

mouth

Question 10

What does salivary amylase do to starch

Answer 10

degrades starch to simpler disaccharides

Question 11

When does CHO and Fat hydrolysis begin?

Answer 11

in the mouth

Question 12

Lipase begins ____ digestion

Answer 12

lipids

Question 13

Fats in the stomach move to the small intestine after ___ hours

Answer 13

7 hours

Question 14

Proteins and Carbs in the stomach move to the small intestine after __ hours

Answer 14

1-4 hours

Question 15

A mixture of food and digestive juices is ___

Answer 15

Chyme

Question 16

What does parietal cell secrete

Answer 16

hydrochloric acid

Question 17

What are the 3 layers of the stomach muscle

Answer 17

longitudinal layer
circular layer- peristalsis
oblique layer

Question 18

The most absorption and digestion takes place where in the stomach?

Answer 18

Duodenum

Question 19

What are the 3 sections in the Small Intestine

Answer 19

duodenum
jejunum
ileum

Question 20

90% of digestion occurs in the ___

Answer 20

small intestine

Question 21

In the small intestine ___ allow absorption?

Answer 21

villi

Question 22

what is absorbs in the stomach

Answer 22

alcohol
some water
aspirin

Question 23

the ____ in the microvilli is where most absorption occurs

Answer 23

mucosa cells

Question 24

Do microvilli have digestive enzymes?

Answer 24

Yes

Question 25

Why is it important for the remaining food to go to the microvilli before it goes to the mucosa cell?

Answer 25

so it can be broken down by brush boarder enzymes

Question 26

are blood vessels located in villi

Answer 26

yes

Question 27

it takes __ day for food to be eliminated from the GI tract (Long intestine)

Answer 27

1-3

Question 28

it takes ___ hours for chyme to move through the small intestine

Answer 28

3-10

Question 29

Pancreatic amylase continue Carbohydrate hydration where

Answer 29

in the SI

Question 30

The brush boarder enzymes breaks dow carbs to it ____ form

Answer 30

simplest form

Question 31

What are the three brush boarder enzymes

Answer 31

Maltase Sucrase Lactase

Question 32

Where is Bile secreted and stored

Answer 32

by the gallbladder

Question 33

Bile is produced in the __

Answer 33

liver

Question 34

What are the two important factors for fat digestion

Answer 34

Bile and Pancreatic lipase

Question 35

Bile increase the lipid droplet. what is inside the lipid droplet?

Answer 35

a TG that is hydrolyzed by pancreatic lipase into MG and FA.

Question 36

Does bile return to the liver

Answer 36

yes

Question 37

Why does micelles weigh down on bile?

Answer 37

to move it closer to cel surface

Question 38

1. Micelles release FA and MG to the

Answer 38

endoplasmic R

Question 39

2. Where is TG reformed

Answer 39

ER

Question 40

3. When FA rap TG in a protein what is this protein coated package called

Answer 40

Chylomicron

Question 41

4. Chylomicron enters the lypatic system into the ___

Answer 41

circulatory system

Question 42

5. In the blood the enzyme lipoprotein lipase breaks down ___

Answer 42

TG- is hydrolysised into MG FFA

Question 43

6. FFA moves to __ or ___

Answer 43

``` fat storage or muscle ( for kerbs cycle ```

Question 44

Where will remaining FFA go

Answer 44

to liver to make HDL OR LDL

Question 45

If you increase parasympathetic system you gastrin increases and ____ increases

Answer 45

peptin

Question 46

AA join with ___ for active transport.

Answer 46

Na+