Digestion system Flashcards
(19 cards)
Mouth
mechanical and chemical digestion begin here
Esophagus
muscular tube connecting mouth to the stomach
Stomach
muscular sac containing acid and enzymes that down food to smaller molecules
Small intestine
long tube where absorption of nutrients occurs through villi
Villi
finger-like projections of small intestine lining; absorb nutrients into blood
Large intestine
Extract water from what is left. Bacteria break down complex carbohydrates from our food also.
Anus
A muscular opening at the end of the digestive system where waste material is eliminated from the body
liver
produces bile to smooth out fats
Gall bladder
stores bile
Pancreas
secrete enzymes to complete the digestion
Peristalsis
Waves of muscle contractions which keep moving the food down
Villi
Microscopic projections of the wall of the small intestine. They increase the surface area of the gut, making it easier to absorb nutrients.
Pancreas
The pancreas is another accessory organ. It produces pancreatic juices that will begin the digestion of fat.
Bile
Bile is stored in the gall bladder. Bile helps to digest fat .
Appendix
It stores good bacteria
Salivary amylase
Enzyme produced by the salivary glands that beings starch digestion in the mouth
Starch
The digestion of starch begins in the mouth by an enzyme called salivary amylase
Hydrochloric acid
Hydrochloric acid provides an acidic environment in out stomach that allows the enzyme pepsin to begin the digestion of proteins. Hydrochloric acid helps to kill harmful bacteria
