Digestive

Question 1

Amylase

Answer 1

break down starch

Question 2

Chief cells

Answer 2

1. in stomach (gastric cell)

2. secrete pepsinogen

Question 3

Mucous cells

Answer 3

1. in stomach (gastric cell)

2. secrete mucus (protect muscular wall)

Question 4

Parietal cells

Answer 4

1. in stomach (gastric cell)

2. secrete HCl

Question 5

Gastric gland

Answer 5

establish milieu in stomach, secreting juices

Question 6

Pyloric gland

Answer 6

mix and maintain milieu; secrete gastrin

Question 7

Gastrin

Answer 7

1. hormone secreted by in stomach (stimulated by incoming food)
2. secrete more HCl, mix contents of stomach

Question 8

Stomach= site for __

Answer 8

digestion, not absorption

Question 9

Pepsin

Answer 9

1. digest proteins
2. active form of pepsinogen (secreted by chief cells)
3. in stomach!

Question 10

Cardiac sphincter= lower esophageal sphincter

Answer 10

between esophagus and stomach

Question 11

Pyloric sphincter

Answer 11

between stomach and duodenum

Question 12

Small intestine=site of ____

Answer 12

digestion and absorption

Question 13

Pancreatic juice

Answer 13

1. in bircarbonate solution, to neutralize acidic chyme
2. contains enyzmes to digest all 3 types of nutrients:
   a. pancreatic amylase
   b. pancreatic peptidases
   c. lipase

Question 14

Pancreatic peptidases

Answer 14

typsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, elastinogen, and carboxypeptidase

Question 15

Bile

Answer 15

1. emulsify fats (into micelles)

2. made in liver, stored in gall bladder

Question 16

CCK

Answer 16

1. secreted by small intestine

2. release pancreatic juices and bile

Question 17

Small intestine enzymes

Answer 17

disaccharidases (maltase, lactase, sucrase)
peptidases (dipeptidase)
enterokinase
secretin
CCK

Question 18

Secretin

Answer 18

1. secreted by small intestine (due to HCl)

2. release pancreatic juices

Question 19

Enterogastrone

Answer 19

1. secreted by duodenum

2. slow movement of chyme, allowing more time to digest fat

Question 20

Chylomicron

Answer 20

1. insoluble packages, encasing TGs and esterified cholesterol
2. enter lymph system via lacteals

Question 21

Large intestine

Answer 21

1. Cecum- appendix, connect to small intestine
2. colon- reabsorb water and salts
3. rectum- store feces

Question 22

Enterokinase

Answer 22

1. secreted by intestinal glands

2. activates trypsinogen–> trypsin, which activates carboxypeptidase

Question 23

Trypsin

Answer 23

1. secreted by pancreas, but acts in small intestine

2. hydrolyzes peptide bonds

Question 24

Lipase

Answer 24

1. secreted by pancreas

2. hydrolyze lipids

Question 25

salivary amylase

Answer 25

1. secreted by mouth | 2. hydrolyze starch--> maltose

Question 26

pancreatic amylase

Answer 26

1. secreted by pancreas | 2. hydrolyze starch--> maltose

Question 27

maltase, sucrase, lactase

Answer 27

1. secreted by intestinal glands | 2. hydrolyze maltose-->2 glucose; sucrose--> glucose+fructose; lactose--> glucose+galactose