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A&P Test 3 > DIgestive > Flashcards

DIgestive Flashcards

1
Q

Process by which food substances are changed into forms that can be absorbed through cell membranes.

A

Digestion

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2
Q

Nutrients within the GI tract are not inside the body until they are?

A

Absorbed from the intestines

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3
Q

To take food in

A

Ingestion

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4
Q

Chewing, Peristalsis, Churning

A

Mechanincal Digestion

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5
Q

Breaks down food particles through a series of metabolic reactions

A

Chemical Digestion

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6
Q

Movement-peristalsis

A

Propulsion

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7
Q

Passage of digested food from Gi tract into bloodstream

A

Absorption

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8
Q

Elimination of indigestible wastes

A

Defecation

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9
Q

Allimentary canal is also known as?

A

GI tract

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10
Q

What is the GI tract called? Where does it start and end?

A

Muscular tube, mouth and anus

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11
Q

What does the allimentary canal pass through?

A

Body’s ventral cavity

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12
Q

How long is the GI tract?

A

Around 28 ft

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13
Q

What does the Allimentary canal run through?

A

The entire tract

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14
Q

Name the four layers of the alimentary canal wall.

A
  1. Mucosa(inner)
  2. Submucosa
  3. Muscularis
  4. Sercsa(outer)
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15
Q

Innermost layer, surrounds lumen of tract

A

Mucosal

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16
Q

3 layers of the Mucosal

A
  1. Mucus epithelium
  2. Lamina Propria
  3. Muscualris Mucosae
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17
Q

Histology of Mucosal

A

Epithelium, Simple Columnar

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18
Q

What do glands of mucosal do?

A

Secrete mucus

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19
Q

Function of Mucosal layer

A

a. Protects again disease
b. Secretes mucus and enzymes
c. Absorption of end products of digestion(Mucus)

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20
Q

Beneath the mucosal layer

A

Submucosal layer

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21
Q

Histology of Submucosal?

A

Loose CT, glands, blood vessels, lymph vessels, nerves

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22
Q

Function of submucosal

A

Nourishes mucosa, carries absorbed nutrients away

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23
Q

This layer of smooth muscle between submucosal and serosa

A

Muscularis Layer

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24
Q

Two layers of Muscularis

A

A. Circular Layer- around submucosa, controls diameter of passage way
B. Longitudinal Layer- Around circular layer, allows length of passageway to change

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25
Function of Muscularis layer
Movement of food along the tract
26
Outermost layer
Serosal Layer
27
Histology of Serosal
tough, fibrous connective tissue
28
Functions of serosal layer
Lubrication, and free movement of canal on abdominal cavity
29
What are the movements of the tube?
Mixing and propelling nutrients
30
Wave-like contractions
Peristalsis
31
Circular muscle which prevents backflow
Sphincter muscles
32
(cardiac) sphincter, betweeen esophagus and stomach
Gastroesophageal Sphincter
33
Between the stomach and the small intestine
Pyloric Sphincter
34
Small intestine and large intestine
Ileocecal valve
35
Large intestine-Smooth muscle
Internal anal sphincter
36
Large Intestine-Skeletal muscle
External anal sphincter
37
Small outer region bounded by the lips and cheeks on the outside and gums and teeth on the inside
Vestibule
38
Extends from behind the teeth and gums to the opening of the pharynx
Oral Cavity
39
Function of Mouth and oral cavity and buccal cavity
Ingestion, Mechanical Digestion, Food preparation
40
What do the lateral walls of the mouth form?
Cheek
41
What do the cheeks consist of
1. skin 2. fat 3. muscles 4. Inner most lining
42
Surrounds the mouth opening
Lips
43
What do the lips consist of?
Skeletal muscles, Sensory receptors, and skin
44
What are the lips covered by?
Thin layer of skin
45
Vascularity of the lips?
Highly vascular
46
Shallow vertical groove above upper lip
Philtrum
47
Location of tongue
Floor of oral cavity
48
What is the tongue connected to the floor of the mouth by?
lingual Frenulum
49
What is the body of the tongue made up of?
Skeletal muscle
50
What does the tongue contain?
Papillae
51
Functions of the tongue
Mastication and deglutition
52
chewing
Mastication
53
swallowing
Deglutition
54
Where is the palate located?
Rood of oral cavity
55
Where is the hard palate?
Anterior portion
56
Where is the soft palate?
Posterior portion
57
Flap of tongue that keeps food from entering the nasal passageways.
Uvula
58
First set of teeth to develop
Primary teeth
59
what months do they develop during(primary)?
6-24 months
60
Amount of primary teeth
20
61
They are also know as(primaries)?
Decidous, baby
62
Secondary teeth are formed when?
6-12 years
63
Amount of secondary
32
64
How many incisors?(front)
8-breaks into small pieces
65
How many cuspids?(canine)
4-Grasping/tearing
66
How many bicuspids?(premolars)
8-Grinding
67
How many molars?
12-Grinding
68
Exposed part above the gum line
Crown
69
Below the gum, fits in the alveolar process
Root
70
Covering of crown-Hardest substance in the body
Enamel
71
Living tissue beneath the enamel, bulk of tooth
Dentin
72
Narrow part surrounded by gums
Neck
73
What do salivary glands secrete?
Saliva
74
What are the functions of saliva?
Lubrication, cleans mouth and teeth, binds food particles, and begins chemical digestion.
75
What kind of secretion are serous?
Watery, fluid
76
What do serous secretions contain?
Amylase, digests carbohydrates
77
What are mucous secretions?
Thick, cloudy, fluid
78
Lies over the masseter, in front and below ears
Parotid glands
79
Largest salivary gland
Parotid gland
80
Parotid gland has what type of secretion?
Water, serous fluid
81
Parotid has what type of enzyme?
Amylase
82
What does Parotid glands drain through?
Stenson ducts
83
Location of submandibular glands
Floor of mouth
84
Size of submandibular glands
Walnut, below angle of lower jaw
85
Submandibular secretion?
Mixed glands, mainly serous fluid
86
Location of sublingual glands
Floor of mouth, below tongue
87
Smallest salivary gland
Sublingual
88
Secretion of Sublingual
Mucous
89
Where does sublingual drain?
Beneath the tongue
90
The pharynx is also know as the?
Throat
91
Tube length of pharynx
around 5 in
92
Behind nasal cavity
Nasopharynx, air only
93
Behind oral cavity
Oropharynx, food only
94
Behind larynx
Laryngopharynx, food only
95
collapsible tube
Esophagus
96
How long is esophagus?
around 10 to 22 inches
97
function of esophagus
Passageway for food, connects mouth to stomach
98
Opening in the diaphragm
Esophageal hiatus
99
movement of food
Peristalsis
100
J-shaped pouch
Stomach

A&P Test 3 (1 decks)

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