Digestive and Excretory Systems Flashcards
(45 cards)
Calorie
The amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of 1kg of water by 1℃
Nutrients
A substance that provides nourishment essential for growth and the maintenance of life.
Digestion
The mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into small particles and molecules that your body can absorb and use.
Mechanical Digestion
A process in which food is physically broken into smaller pieces.
Chemical Digestion
A process in which chemical reactions break down pieces of food into small molecules
Villi
Fingerlike projections which cover the folds of the small intestine.
Peristalsis
Waves of muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract.
Excretory system
The system that collects and eliminates waste from the body and regulates the level of fluid in the body.
What are the functions of the mouth?
Mechanical digestion by chewing, first stage of chemical digestion by adding saliva
What are the functions of the pharynx?
Directs the food into the esophagus
What are the functions of the esophagus?
A muscular tube that propels the food to the stomach using peristalsis
What are the functions of the stomach?
Breaks down the solid food into liquid Chyme
What is the function of the small intestine?
Absorbs the nutrients into the bloodstream
What are the functions of the large intestine
Absorbs water and electrolytes from the remaining chyme.
What are the functions of the rectum?
Stores the feces until they can be expelled
What are other structures involved in the digestive system?
salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.
What are the functions of the kidney?
Filter waste products and excess water out of the blood
What are the functions of the ureters
Take the urine produced by the kidneys to the bladder
What is the function of the bladder?
Holds the urine until it’s ready to be excreted
Urethra
Removes the urine from the bladder and excretes it from the body
What is this body part?
Mouth
What body part is this
Esophagus
What body part is this?
Liver
What body part is this
Gallbladder
