Digestive Organs

Question 1

Digestion starts here where mechanical digestion is performed by the teeth and tongue.

Answer 1

The mouth
Enzyme: Amylase (breaks down starch into glucose)

Question 2

A muscular tube that bridges across the distance of the thorax and transports food from the pharynx to the stomach

Answer 2

The Esophagus
Movement: Peristaltsis

Question 3

Recieves food from the esophagus and performs the mechanical digestion of food through hydrochloric acid and an enzyme that chemically digests proteins into peptides

Answer 3

The Stomach
Enzyme: Pepsin

Question 4

A 6.2cm long organ that recieves secretions from accessory organs, is divided into 3 regions and absorbs 8.5L of fluid
* Its the part of the intestine that absorbs the most
* Contains villi which have microvilli

Answer 4

Small Intestine
Accessory Organs: Pancreas, liver and gallbladder
Regions: Duodenum, jejenum and illeum

Question 5

The first 25 cm of the small intestine that performs peristaltsis to mechanically digest and mix food, and recieves secretions from an accessory organ

Answer 5

Duodenum
Accessory Organ: Pancreas

Question 6

• Here nutrients are further digested into their subunits (monomers) and become small enough for absorption
• like the rest of the intestine it performs peristaltis periodically

Answer 6

Jejenum and Illeum
Substrate: Peptides
Product: Amino acids
Protein Digestion:
* Enzyme: Aminopeptidase
Carbohydrate Digestion:
* Substrate: Maltose
* Enzyme: Maltase
* Product: Two glucose

Question 7

A 1.5m long organ with a larger diameter than the small intestine that ends at the anal sphincter

Answer 7

Large Intestine
Function: Storage and the final absorption of water, minerals and vitamins (5L) from faeces

Question 8

Accessory Organs

Answer 8

An organ that helps with digestion but is not apart of the digestive tract.
Non-glandular Organs: Teeth and tongue
Glandular Organs: Salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas

Question 9

The non-glandular accessory organ that moves food around your mouth to help you chew and swallow

Answer 9

Tongue

Question 10

The glandular accessory organ that produces saliva that contains various enzymes

Answer 10

Salivary Glands
Enzyme: Amylase
Secretes Into: Mouth

Question 11

The glandular accessory organ that produces bile

Answer 11

Liver
Secretes Into: The duodenum
Bile: Emulsifies fats by breaking them down

Question 12

The glandular accessory organ that stores and concentrates bile

Answer 12

Gallbladder
Secretes Into: Small intestine

Question 13

The glandular accessory organ that digestive enzymes and alsom produces hormones for the regulation of blood glucose

Answer 13

Pancreas
Enzymes: Lipase, protease, pancreatic amylase and trypsin
Secretes Into: The duodenum
Alpha cells: Produces glucagon
Beta Cells: Produces Insulin