digestive system Flashcards
stages of nutrition
ingestion/eating:food is taken in by the body
digestion: the food is broken down
absorption : digested food passes into the bloodstream.
assimilation: using the food in the cells of the body
elimination: getting rid of undigested food.
2 types o digestion
physical and chemical
physical digestion
taking large pieces of food and breaking them down into smaller pieces happens in the :
mouth (teeth)
stomach(churning)
chemical digestion
involves the use of chemicals called enzymes to break down food
what is a enzymes
are chemicals that speed up reactions without being used up in the reaction
how do enzymes work
enzymes act on a substrate and breaks it down into a product e,g substrate = starch, enzymes = amylase (saliva) . product = maltose (sugar)
where is amylase and enzymes in the body
amylase in the mouth
enzymes in the stomach
where does the most chemical digestion happen?
small intestine
what breaks down fats ?
the bile (made in the liver)
what makes digestive juices (includes enzymes
pancreas
what do ur teeth do ?
cut tear crush
different types of teeth:
incisors
canine
pre-molars
molars
incisors
at the front of the mouth
4 upper 4 lower
used for biting and cutting food
canine
one at either side of the incisors
2 upper 2 lower
grasp and tear food
pre molar
3 at either side of the canine
6 upper and 6 lower
grind and crush food
