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AP2 lab > digestive system > Flashcards

digestive system Flashcards

1
Q

oral cavity function

A

chemical and mechanical digestion

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2
Q

3 salary glands

A

parotid, submandibular, sublingual

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3
Q

salivary glands: largest and most serous secretions

A

parotid

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4
Q

salivary glands: both serous secretions and mucin

A

submandibular

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5
Q

salivary glands: mostly mucin secretions

A

sublingual

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6
Q

____ in saliva begins to digest starches

A

amylase

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7
Q

viscous glycoprotein in saliva, helps form bolus

A

mucin

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8
Q

3 parts of pharynx

A

nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx

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9
Q

constrictor muscles

A

drive peristalsis

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10
Q

pharynx mucosa layer made of

A

stratified squamous

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11
Q

esophagus moves food to stomach via

A

peristalsis

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12
Q

two esophageal valves

A

upper, lower

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13
Q

lower esophageal valve AKA

A

cardiac sphincter

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14
Q

controls food passage into stomach

A

LEV/cardiac sphincter

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15
Q

stomach function

A

temporary storage of food, chemical and mechanical digestion

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16
Q

food bolus becomes creamy mass called

A

chyme

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17
Q

four regions of stomach

A

cardia, fundus, body, pyloric region

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18
Q

lining of the stomach is convoluted

A

rugae

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19
Q

lead to gastric glands that produce HCl/pepsinogen

A

gastric pits

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20
Q

pepsinogen converted into

A

pepsin

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21
Q

digits protein

A

pepsin

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22
Q

two types of cells in gastric gland

A

parietal, chief

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23
Q

parietal cells

A

secrete HCl

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24
Q

pH range of stomach

A

1.5-3.5

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25
Q

chief cells

A

decrete pepsinogen

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26
Q

small intestine functions

A

chemical digestion, absorption

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27
Q

connects stomach with small intestine

A

pyloric valve

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28
Q

pyloric valve controls

A

chime passage into small intestine

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29
Q

three subdivisions of small intestine

A

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

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30
Q

deep folds in the mucosa and submucosa layers that slow movement of chyme

A

circular folds

31
Q

finger-like projections of the mucosa tunic

A

villi

32
Q

projections on surface of the columnar epithelial cells that line villi

A

microvilli

33
Q

remaining digestion takes place via ____ released by the pancreas and ____ enzymes

A

pancreatic juice, brush boarder

34
Q

liver function

A

detoxification, produce bile

35
Q

four lobes of liver

A

left, right, caudate, quadrate

36
Q

gallbladder function

A

concentrate, store bile

37
Q

bile is a ___ emulsifier

A

fat

38
Q

gallbladder release into duodenum regulated by

A

hepatopancreatic sphincter

39
Q

pancreas exocrine function

A

secrete pancreatic juice

40
Q

pancreatic juice contains

A

water, enzymes, electrolytes, bicarbonate

41
Q

digests fats

A

lipase

42
Q

digests nucleic acid

A

nuclease

43
Q

digests proteins

A

trypsin

44
Q

digests starches

A

amylase

45
Q

large intestine function

A

eliminate waste, reabsorb/conserve water

46
Q

large intestine longitudinal muscle reduced to 3 bands called

A

teniae coil

47
Q

large intestine subdivided into pocket like sacs called

A

haustra

48
Q

epiploic appendages

A

bundles of fat hanging off external surface of lg intestine

49
Q

lg intestine subdivisions

A

cecum, ascending, transvers, descending, sigmoid colon

50
Q

3 angular turns of lg intestine

A

right colic (hepatic), left colic (scenic), sigmoid

51
Q

rectum includes 3 transverse folds that

A

separate flatus from feces

52
Q

anal canal starts where

A

rectum passes through elevator ani muscles of pelvic floor

53
Q

mouth tissue

A

stratified squamous

54
Q

mouth digestion

A

chemical and mechanical

55
Q

mouth absorption

A

none

56
Q

mouth enzymes

A

amylase

57
Q

mouth substrate

A

starch

58
Q

esophagus tissue

A

stratified squamous

59
Q

esophagus digestion, absorption, enzyme, substrate

A

none

60
Q

stomach tissue

A

simple columnar

61
Q

stomach types of digestion

A

mechanical and chemical

62
Q

stomach absorption

A

none

63
Q

stomach enzyme

A

HCL, pepsinogen, pepsin

64
Q

stomach substrate

A

protein

65
Q

small intestine tissue

A

simple columnar

66
Q

small intestine digestion

A

chemical

67
Q

small intestine absorption

A

all nutrients

68
Q

small intestine enzymes

A

brush boarder, lipase, bile, nuclease, pancreatic

69
Q

small intestine substrate

A

fat

70
Q

large intestine tissue

A

simple columnar

71
Q

large intestine digestion

A

none

72
Q

large intestine absorption

A

water, vit k

73
Q

large intestine enzyme

A

Na+

74
Q

large intestine substrate

A

Na+

AP2 lab (8 decks)

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