Digestive system Flashcards
Digestive enzymes:
Make big molecules in to smaller ones (soluble) that can pass easily and be absorbed into bloodstream(which can be made into new carbs proteins and lipids again
What breaks down carbs and where is it produces
Carbohydrases break down carbohydrates to simple sugars.
Amylase is a carbohydrase which breaks down starch into maltose, which is then broken down into glucose
Amylase is made in the salivary glands, the pancreas and the small intestine
What breaks down proteins into what and where
Proteases are a group of enzymes that break down proteins into amino acids in the stomach and small intestine
Protein digestion takes place in the stomach and small intestine, with proteases made in the stomach (pepsin), pancreas and small intestine
How are lipids broken down and where are they made
Lipases break down lipids (fats) to glycerol(3) and fatty acids.
Lipase enzymes are produced in the pancreas and small intestine
Bile what does it do and where is is made +stored
Bile produced in liver but stored in gall bladder before released into small intestine
Hydrochloric acid to acidic for enzymes in the small intestine to work properly. Bile alkaline neutralises acids small intestine work better in alkaline / neutral conditions
emulsifies fats. Breaks fats into tiny droplets gives bigger surface area for lipase to work on makes digestion faster
small intestine
Produces enzymes
where food is digested
Pancreas
Enzymes are made and secreted in small intestine
Salivary glands
produces amylase but also breaks down food
Stomach
Pummels the wall with its muscular walls
produces proteases enzyme pepsin
produces hydrochloric acid
kill bacteria
give right ph. for protease
Gall bladder
Where bile is stored before its released into small intestine
Liver
produces bile
Rectum
Where the faeces are stored before released by the anus
