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Anatomy > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

(56 cards)

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1
Q

What is the function of the digestive system?

A

Break down food in to small enough particles to ve absorbed into the blood stream, and remove the rest as waste

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2
Q

The sum of all the chemical reactions in the body

A

Metabolism

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3
Q

Breakdown of food sources and old cells and tissues

A

Catabolism

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4
Q

Building up of body cells and tissue

A

Anabolism

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5
Q

What is the function of the ALIMENTARY CANAL?

A

Break down food and absorb nutrients

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6
Q

What is the function of the ACCESSORY ORGANS?

A

To assist the process of digestion

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7
Q

What is another name for the alimentary canal?

A

GI Tract

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8
Q

Protects the opening of the mouth

A

Lips

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9
Q

Forms the lateral walls of the mouth

A

Bucca (cheeks)

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10
Q

Forms the anterior roof of the mouth

A

Hard palate

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11
Q

Forms the posterior roof of the mouth

A

Soft palate

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12
Q

Finger-like projection of the soft palate

A

Uvula

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13
Q

The space between the teeth and the lips

A

Vestibule

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14
Q

The space contained by the teeth

A

Oral cavity

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15
Q

The muscle occupying the floor of the mouth

A

Tongue

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16
Q

Mucous membrane fold that holds the tongue in place

A

Lingual frenulum

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17
Q

The tonsils that you see ( the back of the palate )

A

Palatine tonsils

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18
Q

Tonsils at the base of the tongue

A

Lingual tonsils

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19
Q

Peg-like projections that hold the taste buds

A

Lingual papillae

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20
Q

The word for chewing

A

Mastication

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21
Q

What is the pharynx a common passageway for? (3)

A

Food
Liquid
Air

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22
Q

The pharynx that is part of the respiratory pathway

A

Nasopharynx

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23
Q

The pharynx that is at the back of the mouth

24
Q

The pharynx that is continuous with the esophagus

Study These Flashcards
A

Laryngopharynx

25
What are rhythmic contractions that help along food? It requires muscles to run longitudinal and circular.
Peristalsis
26
What runs from the pharynx, through the diaphragm, to the stomach?
Esophagus
27
On average, how long is the esophagus?
10 inches
28
What are the layers of the esophagus? (4)
- Mucosa - Submucosa - Muscularis Externa - Serosa
29
The innermost layer of the esophagus, moist membrane that lines the cavity
Mucosa
30
Beneath the mucosa in the esophagus. A layer of connective tissue that contains blood vessels, nerve endings and lymphatic vessels
Submucosa
31
Muscle layers in the esophagus, both longitudinal and circular
Muscularis Externa
32
The outermost layer of the esophagus.
Serosa
33
Serous fluid-producing cells in the serosa (outermost layer) of the esophagus.
Visceral Peritoneum
34
A network of fibers that regulate the mobility of the GI tract organs
Nerve Pletus
35
What organ is this? - C shaped - Left side of the abdominal cavity - 6-10 inches in length - Diameter depends on the amount of food in the stomach at a given time - divided into 4 major regions
Stomach
36
What are the four regions of the stomach?
Cardial Fundus Body Pylorus
37
Contains the cardio-esophageal sphincter which is the muscle through which food enters the stomach
Cardial
38
Area to the lateral of the sphincter
Fundus
39
Midportion of the stomach
Body
40
The terminal portion of the stomach. Contains the pyloric sphincter/valve
Pylorus
41
The folds of the mucosa (stomach) when empty
rugae
42
The convex lateral surface of the stomach
Greater curvature
43
The concave, medial surface of the stomach
Lesser curvature
44
Double layer of the peritoneum (liver to lesser curvature)
Lesser omentum
45
Extension of peritoneum that drapes down and covers the abdominal organs. Riddled with fat to help insulate, cushion and protect internal organs.
Greater omentum
46
What is the greater omentum also riddled with?
Peyer's patches/lymphnodes
47
What does the stomach serve as?
A storage site and a place for foot
48
What does the stomach do?
Churn, mix and pummel food particles
49
Gastric _______, gastric __________, gastric ________.
pits, glands, juice
50
Where does most of the digestive activity occur?
In the pylorus region
51
What is mostly broken down for ATP?
Carbohydrates
52
What are mainly broken down for use in myelin sheaths, cell membranes and for insulation, however, they can be used for ATP when the body is low on carbohydrates
Lipids
53
What is conserved/hoarded by the body?
Proteins
54
What is food called when it enters the stomach?
Bolus
55
What is food called when it leaves the stomach?
Chyme
56

Anatomy (7 decks)

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