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Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the accessory organs of digestive system?

A

Salivary glands
Liver
Pancreas
Gallbladder

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2
Q

What consists the alimentary canal?

A

Mouth
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Rectum
Anus

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3
Q

What are the four main layers of GI Tract?

A

Ma Sa Ma Sa
Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis
Serosa

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4
Q

What layer of GI Tract is this:
An epithelial lining + lamina propria + muscularis

A

Mucosa

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5
Q

What layer of GI Tract is this:
Dense connective tissue + submucosa (Meissner) plexus of autonomic nerves

A

Submucosa

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6
Q

Plexus found in submucosa of GI Tract

A

SubmucoSa = meiSSner

Meissner plexus of autonomic nerves

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7
Q

Other name for muscularis externa

A

Muscularis propria

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8
Q

The internal sublayer of muscularis externa/propria is? (Shape)

A

Internal = cIrcular
Circular

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9
Q

The external sublayer of muscularis externa/propria is? (Shape)

A

Outer = lOngitudinal
Longitudinal

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10
Q

What layer of GI tracts is this:
Internal sublayer + external sublayer + auerbach’s plexus

A

Muscularis
Muscularis Externa/Propria

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11
Q

Other term for Auerbach’s plexus

A

Myenteric plexus

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12
Q

What plexus can you find in Muscularis Externa/Propria?

A

Auerbach’s or myenteric plexus

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13
Q

What layer of GI tracts is this:
Thin layer of loose connective tissue + simple squamous epithelium (mesothelium)

A

Serosa

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14
Q

What are the biliary system/tract/tree?

A

Liver
Pancreas
Gallbladder

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15
Q

What are the foregut segment of Generalized Intestine? What is their innervation and supply?

A

Liver
Gallbladder
Pancreas
Stomach
Esophagus
First part of duodenum

Innervation: Celiac artery, vein, and nerves

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16
Q

What are the midgut segment of Generalized Intestine? What is their innervation and supply?

A

Second part of duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Cecum
Ascending colon
2nd part of transverse colon

Superior mesenteric artery, veins, nerves

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17
Q

What are the hindgut segment of Generalized Intestine? What is their innervation and supply?

A

Last part of transverse colon
Descending colon
Rectum

Inferior mesenteric artery, veins, and nerves

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18
Q

Muscular structures, formed mostly by the orbicularis oris muscle

A

Lips

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19
Q

What epithelium lines the oral cavity?

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

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20
Q

A mass of striated muscle covered by mucosa

A

Tongue

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21
Q

Major sensory organ for taste and one of the major organs of speech

A

Tongue

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22
Q

Anterior attachment to the floor of the mouth

A

Frenulum

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23
Q

Elevations of the mucous membrane of the tongue that assume various forms and functions

A

Lingual papillae

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24
Q

4 types of lingual papillae

A

Filliform
Fungiform
Follate
Vallate

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25
A lingual papilla which does not have a tastebud and it is avascular
Filliform papillae
26
Very numerous, have an elongated conical shape and are heavily keratinized which gives their surface a gray or whitish appearance
Filliform papillae
27
Provides a rough surface that facilitates movement of food during chewing
Filliform papillae
28
Much less numerous, lightly keratinized, and interspersed among the filiform papillae.
Fungiform papillae
29
They are mushroom shaped with well vascularized and innervated cores of lamina propria
Fungiform papillae
30
Consist of several parallel ridges on each side of the tongue, anterior to the sulcus terminalis, but are rudimentary in humans, especially older individuals.
Follate Papillae
31
Other term for vallate papillae
Circumvallate papillae
32
The largest papillae
Vallate papillae or circumvallate
33
What is the diameter of vallate papillae?
1 to 3mm
34
Average number of vallate papillae
8-12 papillae First aide: 7 to 9 Mosby: 12-13
35
Are serous only salivary gland located within the circumvallate papillae
Von Ebner’s glands
36
What is the length of esophagus in adult?
25cm long
37
What epithelium lines the esophagus?
Non keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
38
What layer can you find the esophageal gland?
Submucosa
39
Lower esophageal sphincter is also known as
Cardiac sphincter
40
Regulate the movement of materials into and out of the esophagus
Upper and lower esophageal sphincter
41
Regulate the movement of materials into and out of the esophagus
Upper and lower esophageal sphincter
42
It is a muscular dilation of the digestive tract where mechanical and chemical digestion occurs.
Stomach
43
4 major stomach regions
Cardiac Fundus Body Pylorus
44
4 major stomach regions
Cardiac Fundus Body Pylorus
45
Most versatile cell in the body
Hepatocyte
46
Other term for space of disse
Perisinusoidal space
47
How many cells are found in disse?
100 cells
48
A location in the liver between a hepatocyte and a sinusoid.
Space of disse or perisinusoidal space
49
Storage of vitamin A
Space of disse or perisinusoidal space
50
2 major lobes of liver
Right Left
51
2 minor lobes of liver
Caudate Quadrate
52
What consist of porta of liver?
Hepatic duct (right and left) Hepatic portal vein Hepatic artery
53
Stores and concentrates bile
Gallbladder
54
Common bile duct formed by?
Cystic duct Hepatic duct
55
Common bile duct empties into?
Duodenum of small intestine
56
Deep diverticula of gallbladder mucosa
Rokitansky-Auschoff sinuses
57
Emulsification of fat
Bile
58
Lobulated gland
Pancreas
59
What are the two ducts found in pancreas?
WEIrd song banal na aSUNG SANtong kabayo natatawa ako RINI RINI Duct of Wirsung Santorini’s duct
60
Also known as sweet organ
Pancreas
61
Site where the digestive processes are completed and where nutrients are absorbed.
Small Intestine
62
3 segments of small intestine
DJ I Duodenum Jejunum Ileum
63
A series of lining of permanent or semilunar folds
Plicae circulares
64
Short mucosal outgrowths that project into the lumen
Microvilli
65
Also called bowel
Large intestine
66
Absorbs water and electrolytes and forms indigestible material into feces
Large intestine
67
Regions of Large intestine
Cecum Colon Rectum
68
Three longitudinal bands of muscle used for peristalsis
Teniae coli
69
Individual segments that allow for independent contraction in the colon
Haustra
70
Intestinal gland of large intestine
Crypts of Lieberkühn
71
Where can you find brunner’s gland?
BRU pa-SUB! Duo tayo eh! Submucosa of Duodenum
72
Numerous plicae
Jejunum
73
Has peyer’s patches and goblet cells for serous secretion
Ileum

General Anatomy (4 decks)

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