Digestive System Flashcards
(110 cards)
1
Q
bucc/o
A
cheek
2
Q
cheil/o
A
lip
3
Q
labi/o
A
lip
4
Q
palat/o
A
palate
5
Q
uvul/o
A
uvula
6
Q
gloss/o
A
tongue
7
Q
lingu/o
A
tongue
8
Q
tonsill/o
A
tonsil
9
Q
gingiv/o
A
gums
10
Q
dent/i
A
tooth
11
Q
odont/o
A
tooth
12
Q
or/o
A
mouth
13
Q
sialaden/o
A
salivary gland
14
Q
mastication
A
chewing
15
Q
deglutition
A
swallowing
16
Q
peristalsis
A
involuntary progressive rhythmic contraction
17
Q
defecation
A
expulsion or passage of feces from body through anus
18
Q
borborygmus
A
rumbling or gurgling noise produced by movement of gas
19
Q
cholecyst/o
A
gallbladder
20
Q
choledoch/o
A
common bile duct
21
Q
col/o
A
colon
22
Q
duoden/o
A
duodenum
23
Q
hepat/o
A
liver
24
Q
ile/o
A
ileum (3rd part of small intestine)
25
jejun/o
jejunum (2nd part of small intestine)
26
pancreat/o
pancreas
27
proct/o
anus and rectum
28
pylor/o
pyloric sphincter
29
sigmoid/o
sigmoid colon (last part of lg intestine)
30
amyl/o
starch
31
bil/i
gall, bile
32
chol/e
gall, bile
33
bilirubin/o
biliruben
34
chlorhydr/o
HCl
35
gluc/o
| glyc/o
sugar
36
lip/o
fat
37
steat/o
fat
38
lith/o
stone
39
prote/o
protein
40
py/o
pus
41
sial/o
saliva
42
-ase
enzyme
43
-chezia
defecation, elimination of waste
44
-iasis
abnormal condition
45
-prandial
meal
46
lanugo
fine, downy hair found on extremities, face, and trunk of pts with anorexia nervosa
47
absorption
passage of materials through the walls of the sm intestine into the bloodstream
48
amino acids
small building blocks of proteins, released when proteins are digested
49
amylase
enzyme secreted by pancreas to digest starch
50
anus
terminal end or opening of the digestive tract to the outside of the body
51
appendix
blind pouch hanging from the cecum; in RLQ
52
bile
digestive juice made in liver and stored in gallbladder; emulsifies large fat globules
53
bilirubin
pigment released by the liver in bile
54
bowel
intestine
55
canine teeth
pointed, dog-like teeth next to the incisors; aka cuspids or eyeteeth
56
cecum
first part of lg intestine
57
common bile duct
carries bile from liver and gallbladder to the duodenum; aka choledochus
58
defecation
elimination of feces from digestive tract through anus
59
deglutition
swallowing
60
dentin
primary material found in teeth
61
digestion
breakdown of complex foods to simpler forms
62
duodenum
first part of sm intestine (duo=2, den=10, so it measures 12 inches)
63
elimination
act of removal of materials from body; in digestive system, removal of indigestible materials as feces
64
emulsification
physical process of breaking up lg fat globules into smaller ones, thereby increasing the SA that enzymes can use to digest the fat
65
enamel
hard, outermost layer of tooth
66
enzyme
chemical that speeds up a rxn b/t substances
67
esophagus
tube connecting throat to stomach
68
fatty acids
substances produced when fats are digested
69
feces
solid wastes; stool
70
gallbladder
small sac under liver; stores bile
71
glucose
simple sugar
72
glycogen
starch; glucose is stored in the form of glycogen in liver cells
73
HCl
substance produced by stomach; necessary for digestion of food
74
ileum
3rd part of sm intestine
75
incisor
one of four front teeth in dental arch
76
insulin
hormone produced by the endocrine cells of the pancreas; transports sugar from the blood into cells and stimulates glycogen formation by liver
77
jejunum
2nd part of sm intestine
78
lipase
pancreatic enzyme necessary to digest fats
79
liver
large organ located in RUQ; secretes bile; stores sugar, iron, & vitamins; produces blood proteins; destroys worn-out RBCs
80
lower esophageal sphincter
ring of muscles bt the esophagus and stomach
81
mastication
chewing
82
molar teeth
6th, 7th, and 8th teeth from the middle of either side of dental arch
83
palate
roof of mouth
84
pancreas
organ under stomach; produces insulin and enzymes
85
papillae
small elevations on the tongue; nipple-like elevation
86
parotid gland
salivary gland within the cheek, just anterior to the ear
87
pharynx
back of throat
88
portal vein
lg vein bringing blood to liver from intestines
89
protease
enzyme that digests protein
90
pulp
soft tissue within a tooth, containing nerves and blood vessels
91
pyloric sphincter
ring of muscle at the end of stomach, near duodenum
92
pylorus
distal region of the stomach, opening to the duodenum
93
rectum
last section of lg intestine, connecting the end of the colon and anus
94
rugae
ridges on hard palate and wall of stomach
95
saliva
digestive juice produced by salivary glands
96
salivary glands
parotid, sublingual, and submandibular glands
97
sigmoid colon
4th and last, S-shaped segment of the colon, just before the rectum; empties into the rectum
98
sphincter
circular ring of muscle that constricts a passage or closes a natural opening
99
stomach
muscular organ that receives food from the esophagus
100
triglycerides
fat molecules composed of 3 parts fatty acids and one part glycerol
101
uvula
soft tissue hanging from the middle of the soft palate
102
villi
microscopic projections in wall of small intestine that absorb nutrients into bloodstream
103
an/o
anus
104
append/o
| appendic/o
appendix
105
cec/o
cecum
106
celi/o
belly, abdomen
107
colon/o
colon
108
faci/o
face
109
lapar/o
abdomen
110
mandibul/o
lower jaw, mandible
