Digestive System

Question 1

In what order does the food travel down through the digestive system?

Answer 1

Mouth, oesophagus , Stomach, Large intestine, Small intestine, Anus.
This process is also referred to as the alimentary canal.

Question 2

What is the function of the mouth in the digestive system?

Answer 2

• mechanically breaks down food with teeth.
• chemically breaks down food through the amylase in the saliva

Question 3

What is the function of the oesophagus in the digestive system?

Answer 3

• a muscular tube which travels from mouth to stomach
• food is pushed down by peristalsis

Question 4

What is peristalsis?

Answer 4

Peristalsis the contracting and relaxing of muscles to create wave like movements, to push the contents forwards.

Question 5

What is the function of the pancreas in the digestive system?

Answer 5

• produces digestive enzymes which travel in the blood.

Question 6

What is the function of the liver in the digestive system?

Answer 6

• the liver produces bile
• it releases the bile into the small intestine

Question 7

What is the function of bile?

Answer 7

• bile neutralises acids
• bile emulsifies large fat droplets into small fat droplets, so that they can get absorbed

Question 8

What is the function of the large intestine in the digestive system?

Answer 8

• it absorbs excess water into the blood.
• all undigested food travels to the large intestine to form faeces
• it is made up of the colon and rectum

Question 9

What is the function of the stomach in the digestive system?

Answer 9

• the stomach is a muscular stack
• it uses the muscles to churn to mechanically break down food.
• the stomach also contains protease to chemically break down food.
• the stomach also contains hydrochloric acid, which kills pathogens

Question 10

What is the function of the anus in the digestive system?

Answer 10

• the anus is where faces leave the body

Question 11

What are the three parts of the small intestine?

Answer 11

Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum

Question 12

What are the parts of the small intestine?

Answer 12

Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum

Question 13

What is the function of the small intestine in the digestive system?

Answer 13

• the small intestine is where absorption takes place in the blood (of nutrients)
• it does so by being lined with special cells called villi.

Question 14

How do villi aid with absorption in the small intestine?

Answer 14

Every villi has microvilli attached to it, further increasing the surface area for maximum diffusion.

Question 15

What is ingestion?

Answer 15

Taking food into our body

Question 16

What is digestion?

Answer 16

Breaking down food into small soluble molecules.

Question 17

What is absorption?

Answer 17

Food molecules passing from the small intestine to the blood

Question 18

What is assimilation?

Answer 18

Using molecules from our food to build cells and tissues

Question 19

What is egestion?

Answer 19

The removal of undigested food (as faces) from the body. It is a type of excretion.

Question 20

What is the order of processes in the digestive system?

Answer 20

Ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation, egestion