Digestive System Flashcards
Digestive Tract (Alimentary Canal)
Oral Cavity to Anus
Embedded directly to the digestive organs and forms the accessory glands outside the digestive organs.
Digestive Glands
Example of Digestives Glands
Pancreas
Functions of Digestive System
• Digestion of food
• Absorption of digested substances
• Excretion of undigested materials
Involves the mechanical action of the
digestive tract and the chemical action of
substances and enzymes.
Digestion
Done by the mouth, tongue, and teeth
through cutting of the food into smaller
particles
Mechanical Action
Food is cut into smaller size with the use
of substances or enzymes present in
the digestive organs
Chemical Action
Found in the lumen of the colon,
small intestine, and esophagus. Composed of epithelial tissue
Mucous Epithelium
Mucous Epithelium
Esophagus
non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Mucous Epithelium
Stomach
simple columnar epithelium
Where the mucous epithelium is
attached. Usually consists of loose
connective tissue with blood
vessels, lymph vessels, and MALT
(GALT)
Lamina Propia
• usually consists of smooth muscle
tissue
• located at the outermost part of
the mucosa layer
• separates the mucosa from the
submucosa
• absent in some segments of the
tract
Muscularis Mucosa
Muscularis mucosa is also called what? To
differentiate it from another
histologic layer called the same
name
Muscularis Interna
• consists of glands, blood vessels, and GALT
Submucosa (Tunica Submucosa)
Submucosa (Tunica Submucosa)
• usually dense irregular connective tissue
• nerves found in between the submucosa and muscularis
• found in the esophagus, stomach, and Intestines
Submucosa Plexus (of Meissner)
• consists of muscle tissue with two types of orientation
Muscularis (Muscularis Externa; Tunica
Muscularis
Layers or Parts of Muscularis
• Circular Muscle Layer (Innermost)
• Longitudinal Muscle Layer
(Outermost)
• nerves found between the two muscle layers of the muscularis
• found in the esophagus, stomach, and intestines
Myenteric Plexus (of Auerbach)
• outermost layer
• composes of connective tissue layer, usually loose connective tissue
• directly attached to the peritoneum
Serosa (Tunica Serosa)
When there is no peritoneal covering, the layer is called?
Adventitia (Tunica Adventitia)
Adventitia (Tunica Adventitia) is found in the?
throat area (esophagus), ascending and descending colon, and the anal canal
Composes of the Submucosal Plexus and Myenteric Plexus which functions for the contraction of the muscles of the digestive organs to facilitate peristalsis → the movement of bolus from one organ to another
Intramural Plexus
Two regions of oral cavity?
Vestibule and Oral Cavity Proper
