digestive system

Question 1

what type of digestion takes place in the mouth

Answer 1

both mechanical and chemical

Question 2

how does mechanical digestion take place in the mouth

Answer 2

mastication: chewing of the food using the teeth

Question 3

where is saliva secreted from and what does it release

Answer 3

saliva is released from our 3 saliva glands which contains mucus to lubricate food and salivary amylase to begin chemical digestion of starch

Question 4

how does chemical digestion take place in the mouth

Answer 4

salivary amylase starts breaking down carbohydrates

Question 5

what nutrient group does the mouth digest

Answer 5

carbohydrates, starch into disaccharide maltose

Question 6

what is the function of salivary amylase

Answer 6

to begin chemical digestion

Question 7

what is peristalsis

Answer 7

a series of wavelike muscle contractions that move food along the digestive tract

Question 8

what type of digestion happens in the stomach

Answer 8

both mechanical and chemical

Question 8

what helps food move down the oesophagus

Answer 8

the secretion of mucus that lubricates the inner lining and helps food move smoothly

Question 9

how does chemical digestion take place in the stomach

Answer 9

gastric juices start breaking down protein

Question 10

how does mechanical digestion take place in the stomach

Answer 10

muscular contractions churn food into gastric juices

Question 11

what is chyme and how is it produced

Answer 11

thick soupy liquid produced from the stomach muscles churning food and gastric juices together

Question 12

name the 3 stomach muscles

Answer 12

1. circular
2. longitudinal
3. oblique

Question 13

what direction does the circular stomach run

Answer 13

it is wrapping around

Question 14

what direction does the longitudinal muscle run

Answer 14

top to bottom

Question 15

what direction does the oblique stomach muscle move

Answer 15

on an angle

Question 16

what nutrient group does the stomach digest

Answer 16

proteins

Question 17

what is the mucosa and what does it do

Answer 17

the lining of the stomach, it secrets the gastric juices

Question 18

what is the pyloric sphincter

Answer 18

a ring shaped muscle at the end of the stomach that controls the passage of chyme

Question 19

what are the components of gastric juice

Answer 19

hydrochloric acid, mucus, pepsin

Question 20

how long does food stay in the stomach for

Answer 20

2-8 hours

Question 21

on average how long is the small intestine

Answer 21

6-7m

Question 22

what are the 3 fluids contained in the small intestine

Answer 22

1. pancreatic juice
2. bile
3. intestinal juice

Question 23

describe the small intestine

Answer 23

receives chyme from the pyloric sphincter, the lining secrets intestinal juices and is lined with villi for absorbing food

Question 24

what is the pH of pancreatic juice

Answer 24

an 8

Question 25

why is pancreatic juice's pH an 8

Answer 25

to neutralise the acid of the material from the stomach, the enzymes in the pancreatic juice dont work an acidic environment

Question 26

what nutrient group does the pancreatic amylase break down

Answer 26

breaks down starch into disaccharide maltose

Question 27

what nutrient group does the pancreatic protease break down

Answer 27

proteins

Question 28

what nutrient group does the pancreatic lipases break down

Answer 28

fats into fatty acid and glycerol

Question 29

name the 3 parts the small intestine are made up of

Answer 29

1,duodenum 2.jejunum 3. ileum

Question 30

what is the function of bile

Answer 30

important for mechanical digestion of fats, it emulsifies the fats breaking it into tiny droplets

Question 31

what is pancreatic juice produced by

Answer 31

the pancreas

Question 32

what is bile produced by

Answer 32

liver

Question 33

what is intestinal juice produced by

Answer 33

lining of the small intestine

Question 34

what type of digestion is pancreatic juice

Answer 34

chemical

Question 35

what type of digestion is bile

Answer 35

mechanical

Question 36

what type of digestion is intestinal juice

Answer 36

chemical

Question 37

what are the contents in pancreatic juice (the 4 pancreatic enzymes)

Answer 37

1.pancreatic amylase 2.pancreatic protease 3.pancreatic lipases 4.ribonucleus and deoxyribonuncleus

Question 38

what nutrient group does ribonucleus and deoxyribonucleus break down

Answer 38

RNA and DNA

Question 39

what conetnts are in bile

Answer 39

bile salts

Question 40

what contents are in intestinal amylase breakdown

Answer 40

breaks down disaccharides into simple sugars

Question 41

what contents is in intestinal juices

Answer 41

1.peptide 2. lipases 3. sucrose/lactase

Question 42

what does intestinal peptidases break down

Answer 42

breaks down peptides to amino acids

Question 43

what does the intestinal lipases break down

Answer 43

breaks down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol

Question 44

what are villi

Answer 44

tiny finger-like projections that line the small intestine, its job is to increase surface area and absorb food