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Bio139 Test6 > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

(85 cards)

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1
Q

Functions of the Digestive System

A

1) Ingestion 2) Digestion 3)Propulsion 4)Secretion 5)Absorption 6)Elimination

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2
Q

Ingestion

A

to Take in (food and water)

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3
Q

Digestion

A

To break down

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4
Q

Propulsion and types

A

To move through things; 1) Peristalsis(waves of contraction)(LONGITUDAL) 2) Segmentation(parted and horizontal)

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5
Q

Secretion

A

To release substances (enzymes)

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6
Q

Absorption

A

Take across lining(small intestines)

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7
Q

Oral cavity Tissue

A

Non keratinized stratified squamous

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8
Q

Teeth vs Enzymes

A

Mechanical digestion vs chemical digestion

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9
Q

Vestibules of the Oral cavity

A

Between Teeth and gums Anterior

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10
Q

Labia of the oral cavity

A

Lips

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11
Q

Gingivae of the oral cavity

A

Gums

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12
Q

Hard Palate vs Soft Palate

A

Top of the Mouth; soft is muscle hard is bone

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13
Q

What stops food from going into the nasal cavity

A

Uvula

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14
Q

What kind of muscle is the tongue

A

Skeletal

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15
Q

Fauces

A

Opening between the oral cavity and the oropharynx

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16
Q

Saliva of spit and what is breaks down

A

Salivary Amylase: breaks down carbohydrates

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17
Q

3 Pairs of Salivary Glands

A

1) Parotid (near ear) 2) Submandibular 3) Sublingual(under tongue)

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18
Q

Mastication

A

Chewing

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19
Q

Parts of the Tooth

A

Crown; neck; Roots; Dental alveoli(sockets); Dentin(inner layer)

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20
Q

What surrounds the Crown

A

Enamel(hardest part of body)

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21
Q

Out side of the Root Dentin

A

Cementum

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22
Q

Pulp Cavity

A

Nerves and Blood Supply of tooth

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23
Q

Root Canal and opening

A

Where pup cavity lies; Apical foramen

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24
Q

Periodontal Ligaments

A

Binds the roots to the alveolar processes form a gomphosis joint

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25
Deciduous Teeth
20 Baby Teeth
26
How many permanent Teeth
32
27
Teeth Basic names Front to back and number
1) Incisor ( Central and Lateral) 2) Canine 3) Premolar (1st and 2nd) 4) Molar (1st - 3rd)
28
Serous Membrane that surrounds organs
Peritoneum
29
Intraperitoneal Organs
In peritoneum
30
Retroperitoneal organs
Behind peritoneum(kidneys)
31
Mesenteries
Greater Omentum on stomach ( hold lots of Fat)
32
Layers of the GI Track
1) Mucosa 2) Sub Mucosa3) Muscularis 4) Adventitia
33
Submucosa Layer of GI
With Meissner plexus(nerves from autonomic parasympathetic aka submucosal plexus)
34
Mucosa Layer of GI
(varying Epithelial Tissue and Muscularis mucosa(smooth muscle)
35
Muscularis layer of GI
Smooth Muscle (lots) 2) inner circular (horizontal) 3) Outer Longitudinal(Peristalsis) 4) AUERBACH Plexus
36
Adventitia
Outer most layer; blood and nerves
37
Blood Vessels of The GI
Celiac Trunk; Sup/Inf mesenteric Arteries
38
Lymphatic Tissue in AGI
Lacteals ( fat absorption) and PEYER PATCHES(ileum)
39
Esophagus Layer Char
1) M: Nonkeratinied Strat squamous 2) Muscularis: has skeletal muscle
40
Superior Esophageal sphincter
Sound ring of smooth muscle from pharynx to esophagus
41
Inferior esophageal sphincter
Esophagus to stomach(small ring of smooth muscle)
42
Stomach Char
1) J Shaped 2) LUQ below Diaphragm 3) Turns food into CHYME
43
4 Part of Stomach
1)Cardia (entrance) 2) Fundus (rounded top) 3) body (main) 4) pyloris( Constriction region bottom)
44
Parts of the Pyloris in the Stomach
Orifice(hole) and sphincter(regulator of fluid)
45
Rugae of the Stomach
Ridges inside stomach and bladder)
46
Greater and lesser curvature
On stomach top and bot
47
Cells of the Stomach
Simple columnar(no goblet cells)
48
Stomach Muscularis Layer
3 Layers not 2! 1) inner oblique 2) middle circular 3) outer Longitudinal
49
Gastric Glands of the Stomach
1) Mucous Cells 2) parietal Cells HCl and intrinsic Factor) 3) Chief Cells (pepsinogen) 4) Enteroendocrine cells
50
Parietal Cells of Stomach
Secrete HCL(hydrochloric Acid low pH) and intrinsic Factor ( Vitamin B12 Absorption)
51
Chief Cell of Stomach
secrete Pepsinogen( breaks down proteins)
52
Enteroengocrines Cells
_ Gastrin stimulates parietal cell to release HCL
53
Parts in Order of the Small intestines
1) Duodenum 2) Jejunum 3) Ileum
54
Duodenum
Simple columnar 2) Brunner Glands(alkaline mucous) 3) ( Major duodenal papillae) 4) Cholecystokinin(CCK) hormone the stimulus the Pancrease and galli bladder to release secretions
55
Jejunum Small intestines
2nd; Lots of absorption
56
Ileum Small intestines
1) Has Peyer's Patches (immune) 2) regulates stuff going to large intestines with ileocecal VaLVE
57
Plicae Circularis
Small intestine folds
58
Small intestine Has
Plicae circularis 2) Villi 3) Microvilli(brush border surface area) 3) Crypts of Lieberkuhn (goblet cells and enteroendocine glands)
59
Crypts of Lieberkuhn
IN small intestine between Villi
60
Large intestines Function
Absorbs Water and Electrolytes -> remain contents feces
61
Parts of the Large Intestine
1) Cecum(with Vermiform appendix) 2) Ascending Colon 3) transverse Colon 4) descending Colon 5) sigmoid Colon 6) Rectum 7) Anan Canal
62
Large intestines Tissue
Simple columnar w/ goblet cells
63
Large intestines Char
Longitudinal layer of the Muscularis forms TENIA COLI(smooth Muscle) which make Balls( HAUSTRA) and preforms haustral churning
64
Liver
RUQ 2) 4 Lobes 3) Falciform ligament 4) Ligamentum venosum 5) Round ligament
65
4 Lobes of the Liver
1) right 2) Left 3) Caudate (upper back) 4) Quadrate (lower back)
66
Falciform ligament
Separate R and L liver lobes
67
Round ligament of the liver
Represents the remnant of the fetal umbilical vein
68
Remnant of the ductus venosus on the liver
ligamentum venosum
69
Liver made from
Hepatic Lobules and Hepatocytes
70
Hepatocytes
1) absorb nutrients 2) produce Bile 3) detoxify drugs 4) Synthesize (plasma proteins)
71
Portal Triad
1) Hepatic portal vein 2) Hepatic artery 3) bile duct
72
Central vein of liver
Drains blood from liver
73
Hepatic portal vein
Blood from GI to liver
74
Hepatic Artery
O2 blood to liver
75
Kupffer cells
Within sinusoid phagocytic
76
Bine Canaliculi
Car bile to bile ducts
77
Gall Bladder Function
Collects Bile
78
Order of bile
Bile ducts_> r/L hepatic ducts -> Common hepatic Ducts -> Cystic Duct -> common bile Duct
79
Where is bile produced
In the liver stored in gallbladder
80
What does bile break down
FAT
81
Major duodenal papilla
Allows bile and pancreatic juices to enter the duodenum
82
Panaceas Loc and parts
Behind stomach 2) Head body tail
83
Pancrease has 2 glands
Islets(endocrine) and acini(exocrine)
84
Digestive enzymes
Pancreatic juice
85
What do the bile duct and pancreatic duct merge to form
Hepatopancreatic ampulla(AMPULA of VATER) with a sphincter of ODDI

Bio139 Test6 (4 decks)

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