Digestive System Flashcards
Folds in Stomach called?
Rugae
Slimy fluid stomach?
Chyme
Consolidation of the faeces before elmination
rectum
Main region for enzymatic digestion and nutrient absorption
small intestine
main function is water and mineral absorption
colon (large intestine)
secretes acid and pepsin stores and mixes food
stomach
a gland which produces an alkaline, enzyme rich fluid
pancreas
produces bile and has many homeostatic functions
liver
produces saliva which contains the enzyme amylase
salivary glands
Mastication
large particles are mixed with saliva and broken into smaller particles
Digestion
Occurs after chewing, actions of enzymes acting on the food
Absorption
absorbed across the gut lining. Lower in the gut valuable water and salts are reabsorbed
Egestion
undigested material and waste products of digestion are formed into faeces and eliminated by defaecation
Peristalsis
moving through the gut by way of muscular contractions
two layers of muscles which work in opposite ways: circular muscles contract behind the bolus which squeeze the tube to a narrower diameter and the longitudinal which contract ahead of the food causing the tube to shorten and widen to receive the bolus
Brunners Gland
produces mucus which empties into the crypt of Lieberkuhn
Crypt of Lieberkuhn
tubular exocrine gland that secretes alkaline fluid
Receives food and starts digestion of starch
mouth
What are the two main functions of Bile in digestion?
Bile is used in the Small Intestine to emulsify
fatty molecules and the high pH of Bile neutralizes the acid entering the Small Intestine from the
stomach
What are the two primary functions of the Liver in relation to the processing of digestion products
arriving from the gut?
Makes chemicals required for the body to function from the raw materials
absorbed by the intestine, and Bile secreted from the Liver aids in digesting fat
What is the role of the Gall Bladder in digestion?
Holds Bile produced in the Liver until it is needed
for digesting fatty foods in the Duodenum area of the Small Intestine
How is Bile is an excretory product and a digestive secretion?
Some of the Bile Salts leave the body
with the other Bile components in the feces, and it goes into the digestive tract too
What is an advantage of having a gut where food moves in one direction only?
It makes digestion
more efficient and prevents/limits the amount of food coming back up (i.e. puking)
Where is it created,Where is the pancreatic juice activated and what are the enzymes
Pancreas Duodenum Pancreatic amylase Trypsin Chymotrypsin Pancreatic lipase
where created, Gastric juice activated and enzymes
Stomach
Stomach
Pepsin
