Digestive System Anatomy

Question 1

Digestive system is categorized into two categories

Answer 1

organs of the alimentary canal and accessory digestive organs

Question 2

What is the continuous muscular tube that extends from the mouth to the anus

Answer 2

Alimentary canal

Question 3

What are the organs of the alimentary canal?

Answer 3

mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine

Question 4

What are the accessory digestive organs?

Answer 4

teeth, tongue, gallbladder, digestive glands

Question 5

What is the serous membrane which lines the walls and organs of the abdominal cavity?

Answer 5

Peritoneum

Question 6

What peritoneum covers the external surface of the ORGANS within the abdominal cavity

Answer 6

Visceral Peritoneum

Question 7

Which peritoneum lines the internal surface of the WALLS of the abdominal cavity

Answer 7

Parietal Peritoneum

Question 8

What is a fused double layer of peritoneum that extends from the body wall to a digestive organ; many organs are held in place by these

Answer 8

Mesentaries

Question 9

what lie against the posterior abdominal wall(not suspended by mesentary); Examples are:pancreas, bladder, kidneys

Answer 9

Retroperitoneal

Question 10

what part of the oral cavity is mainly muscle, process of mastication and speech

Answer 10

Lips/Cheek

Question 11

what forms the bony part of the oral cavity

Answer 11

palate

Question 12

what is the ANTERIOR bony portion of roof of the mouth; food gets pushed against it during chewing and plays a role in speech

Answer 12

Hard Palate

Question 13

what is the POSTERIOR bony portion of the roof of the mouth; closes off nasopharynx when we swallow

Answer 13

Soft Palate

Question 14

This part of the oral cavity aids in chewing, swallowing, and speech

Answer 14

Tongue

Question 15

What produce and secrete saliva?

Answer 15

salivary glands

Question 16

What is the function of saliva?

Answer 16

cleanse mouth, dissolve food chemicals, and salivary enzyme(begins chemical breakdown of starches)

Question 17

What salivary gland is located posterior to each ear?

Answer 17

Parotid Gland

Question 18

What salivary gland is located below the tongue?

Answer 18

Sublingual

Question 19

What salivary gland is inferior to the mandible

Answer 19

submandibular gland

Question 20

What is known as the throat?

Answer 20

Pharynx

Question 21

What is lined with stratified squamous epithelium and is a passageway for food

Answer 21

Esophagus

Question 22

Where is food broken down mechanically and chemically?

Answer 22

Stomach

Question 23

How many muscular layers does the stomach have and what are their names

Answer 23

3; Longitudinal, Circular, and Oblique

Question 24

what gland releases substances that chemically digest food

Answer 24

gastric gland

Question 25

What type of tissue is the internal stomach lined with?

Answer 25

simple squamous columnar

Question 26

Where is digestion completed and nearly all abosorption happening?

Answer 26

Small Intestine

Question 27

Why is there more opportunity for absorption to occur in the small intestine?

Answer 27

more surface area, longer length, and contain villi and microvilli

Question 28

What is the first portion of the small intestine? It is made of simple columnar epithelium, and has glands that produce an alkaline substance that neutralizes acidic chime

Answer 28

Duodenum

Question 29

What is the middle portion of the small intestine? It is composed of simple columnar epithelium

Answer 29

Jejunum

Question 30

What is the last portion of the small intestine called? It is also composed of simple columnar epithelium

Answer 30

Ileum

Question 31

What is the second largest ORGAN and also the LARGEST gland

Answer 31

Liver

Question 32

What are the functions of the liver?

Answer 32

stores glucose as glycogen, takes waste products out of blood, and produces bile

Question 33

What duct carries bile away from the liver; it is formed by the union of right and left hepatic ducts

Answer 33

Common Hepatic Duct

Question 34

What ducts joins the cystic duct to form the common bile duct?

Answer 34

Common Hepatic Duct

Question 35

What duct joins pancreatic duct and forms the hepatopancreatic ampulla?

Answer 35

Common Bile Duct

Question 36

What organ is located in abdomen partially behind the stomach?

Answer 36

Pancrease

Question 37

What hormones does the pancreas produce?

Answer 37

Insulin and Glucagon

Question 38

The pancreas also produces enzymes that aid in the digestion of what 3 things?

Answer 38

Carbs, Fats, and Proteins in the small intestine

Question 39

What extends from the small intestine to the anus?

Answer 39

Large Intestine

Question 40

What are the functions of the large intestine?

Answer 40

absorption of water and elimination of waste products

Question 41

What is the first part of the large intestine; The vermiform appendix is attached here; This part plays a role in immunity by collecting bacteria

Answer 41

Cecum

Question 42

What consists of the ascending, hepatic flexure, transverse, splenic flexure, descending, and sigmoid?

Answer 42

Colon

Question 43

What is the portion of the Large Intestine that is located between sigmoid colon and anal canal and it stores feces

Answer 43

Rectum

Question 44

What is the last 2-3 cm of the digestive tract? It extends from rectum to anus?

Answer 44

Anal Canal

Question 45

What sphincter is made up of smooth muscle and gives us the urge to go?

Answer 45

Internal Anal Sphincter

Question 46

What sphincter is made up of skeletal muscles and allows us to chose when a good time is to shit out our taco bell?

Answer 46

External Anal Sphincter