Digestive System and GI Tract- Application

Question 1

Describe the sequence of organs within the digestive system from mouth to anus

Answer 1

mouth- mastication and amylase is released for breakdown of starch/polysaccharides

esophagus- contracts food downwards past the cardiac sphincter to prevent backflow of food (peristalsis)

stomach- muscles in stomach allow food to enter and turns into chyme (breakdown of proteins)

small intestine- peristalsis continues through the three parts of the intestine (duodenum, jejunum, and the ileum) and further breaks down food. Reabsorption occurs the greatest here

large intestine- chyme enters through the ileocecal sphincter. water and electrolytes are removed in the process to create semisolid feces (triggers a defecation reflex)

anus- feces is excreted

Question 2

What are the different sections of the stomach?

Answer 2

Fundus, Body, Antrum, Pylorus

Question 3

What do the liver and pancreas do during digestion?

Answer 3

release exocrine secretions into the duodenum

Question 4

List the three sections of the small intestine

Answer 4

Duodenum (largest), Jejunum, Ileum