Digestive System (chapter 7)

Question 1

What’s the digestive system responsible for?

Answer 1

the breakdown of food so it can be taken to the bloodstream by body cells and tissue

Question 2

Major way foods broken down

Answer 2

physical and chemical

Question 3

Physical breakdown

Answer 3

when you mechanically breakdown food like chewing and using muscle action

Question 4

Chemical breakdown

Answer 4

when digestive enzymes break food down into simpler nutrients that can be used by cells ; saliva

Question 5

Components

Answer 5

consists of alimentary and accessory organs

Question 6

Alimentary

Answer 6

mouth, beginning at long muscle tube

Question 7

Accessory

Answer 7

going down into digestive

Question 8

what do these components do

Answer 8

absorb nutrients and eliminate wastes

Question 9

Stages

Answer 9

Ingestion, Digestion, Absorption and Eliminating

Question 10

Ingestion

Answer 10

taking in

Question 11

Digestion

Answer 11

breaking down

Question 12

Absorption

Answer 12

taking nutrients by blood or lymph capillaries (form plasma into tissue spaces)

Question 13

Elimination

Answer 13

expelling wastes

Question 14

Pathway

Answer 14

mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anal canal

Question 15

Mouth

Answer 15

Teeth and tongue begin mechanical digestion by breaking down food

Question 16

Tongue

Answer 16

contain taste sensory, taste buds

Question 17

Teeth

Answer 17

break down food (physical)

Question 18

Saliva

Answer 18

mixed chewed food

Question 19

after foods mixes with saliva what does it form?

Answer 19

bolus

Question 20

Uvula

Answer 20

sends food toward esophagus - soft palate

Question 21

Salivary glands

Answer 21

Begins chemical breakdown and changes starch into maltose to help moisten & breakdown food

Question 22

Largest salivary gland

Answer 22

parotid gland

Question 23

On the floor of the mouth

Answer 23

submandibular gland

Question 24

Under the tongue

Answer 24

sublingual gland

Question 25

Pharynx and Esophagus

Answer 25

Bolus through the pharynx, Epiglottis closes over trachea

Question 26

Esophagus

Answer 26

Bolus enters esophagus and moves along (10inch tube)

Question 27

Moves food along digestive tract

Answer 27

Peristalsis

Question 28

Stomach

Answer 28

storage area for food to be digested and changed into a liquid to prepare for enzyme action

Question 29

Medical term for stomach

Answer 29

gastro

Question 30

rings of muscle

Answer 30

Two sphincters

Question 31

chyme

Answer 31

Bolus becoming liquid

Question 32

Small Intestine

Answer 32

Prepares food for absorption and aids in breakdown of sugars, proteins, fats

Question 33

Small Intestine parts

Answer 33

Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum

Question 34

Large Intestine

Answer 34

Absorbs water, minerals, and remaining nutrients

Question 35

Function of Large Intestine

Answer 35

Transports solid waste products out of body

Question 36

Parts of Colon

Answer 36

Ascending colon, Transverse colon, Descending colon, Sigmoid colon

Question 37

Rectum

Answer 37

Stores non-digestive wastes (feces)

Question 38

Anal Canal

Answer 38

Eliminates solid wastes

Question 39

Rectum and Anal Canal

Answer 39

both expel wastes from the body

Question 40

Accessory Organs

Answer 40

Help break down nutrients into usable substances

Question 41

Largest organ in body

Answer 41

Liver

Question 42

Liver

Answer 42

Produces bile Metabolizes carbohydrates, fats, and proteins and removes toxins and bacteria

Question 43

Gallbladder

Answer 43

Stores bile and brings to the small intestine

Question 44

Pancreas

Answer 44

breaks down protein, matains insulin and releases enzymes into small intestines

Question 45

Name all accessory organs

Answer 45

Stomach, Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas, Bile duct, Duodenum, Jejunum

Question 46

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (important)

Answer 46

GERD

Question 47

Ulcer sore (important)

Answer 47

develops on the lining of the esophagus, stomach, or small intestine.

Question 48

Hirschsprung disease (important)

Answer 48

A condition of the large intestine that causes difficulty passing stool.

Question 49

Crohn disease (important)

Answer 49

chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects the lining of the digestive tract

Question 50

Diverticulitis (important)

Answer 50

inflammation or infection in one or more small pouches in the digestive tract

Question 51

Hepatitis C (important)

Answer 51

viral infection that may have mild to no symptoms and may become chronic

Question 52

alcohol or tylenol abuse may lead to (important)

Answer 52

cirrhosis

Question 53

Pancreatitis (important)

Answer 53

the redness and swelling of the pancreas when enzymes begin to attack the pancreas

Question 54

Colon Cancer (important)

Answer 54

Affects the large intestine with symptoms like weight loss and more

Question 55

Constipation

Answer 55

infrequent or uncomfy, unable to produce feces

Question 56

Treatment for constipation (important)

Answer 56

high fiber diet or enenas on the left position

Question 57

conclusion

Answer 57

The digestive system keeps the body in balance by maintaining adequate hydration to include electrolytes and nutrition