digestive system- stomach

Question 1

what is the surface epithelium of the stomach?

Answer 1

simple columnar

Question 2

what are the 2 cell types in the mucosa of the stomach?

Answer 2

surface mucosa

regenerative cells

Question 3

what are the 2 fx of the surface mucous of the stomach?

Answer 3

produce thick mucus

secrete bicarbonate ions

Question 4

what is the lamina propria of the stomach made of?

Answer 4

loose vascular CT present in small amounts btw glands

Question 5

where is the arteriovenous anastomosis located?

Answer 5

submucosa of the stomach

Question 6

is the submucosa of stomach vascular or avascular?

Answer 6

highly vascular

Question 7

what is the fx of the submucosa of the stomach?

Answer 7

shut down activity and secretion fast

Question 8

where is the submucosal (meissner’s) plexus located?

Answer 8

next to inner circular layer

Question 9

what is the fx of the submucosal (meissners) plexus of the stomach?

Answer 9

influence mucosa

Question 10

what are the 3 layers of the muscularis externa of the stomach?

Answer 10

innermost oblique- sometimes
middle circular- well developed
outer longitudinal- thin

Question 11

where is the myenteric (auerbach) plexus of the stomach located?

Answer 11

btw circular and longitudinal layers of ms

Question 12

what is the fx of the myenteric (auerbach) plexus of stomach?

Answer 12

stimulate muscularis externa

Question 13

is the stomach covered by serosa or adventitia?

Answer 13

all serosa (ME) no adventitia

Question 14

what are the 3 regions of the stomach?

Answer 14

cardiac
gastric (fundus and body)
pyloric

Question 15

what are the cell types of the cardiac region of the stomach?

Answer 15

primarily surface mucous
some neck mucous
few DNES and parietal cells

NO chief cells!

Question 16

which is the smallest region of the stomach containing much mucus?

Answer 16

cardiac

Question 17

what is the only region of the stomach without chief cells?

Answer 17

cardiac

Question 18

name the surface epithelium of the stomach?

Answer 18

simple columnar

Question 19

what type of muscle is found in the ME middle 1/3 of the esophagus?

Answer 19

mix of skeletal and smooth muscle

Question 20

esophageal proper glands are found in which esophagus layer?

Answer 20

submucosa

Question 21

where do the gastric glands extend?

Answer 21

from gastric pit to muscularis mucosa

Question 22

what are the 3 regions in a gastric (zymogenic) gland?

Answer 22

isthmus
neck
base

Question 23

what protects mucosa from auto digestion and the rougher components of chyme?

Answer 23

isthmus surface mucosa

Question 24

what produces thick, visible mucus that traps bicarbonate ions?

Answer 24

surface mucus of isthmus

Question 25

what is another name for DNES cells?

Answer 25

enteroendocrine cells

Question 26

what are the 3 types of DNES cells in stomach?

Answer 26

type D type EC type G

Question 27

which type of DNES cells in the stomach produce somatostatin, inhibit release of hormones by nearby DNES cells and HCL release?

Answer 27

type D

Question 28

which type of DNES cell produces serotonin and substance P and increase gut motility?

Answer 28

type EC

Question 29

which type of DNES cell produces gastrin, stim HCL and pepsinogen, gastric motility and regenerative cells in body of stomach?

Answer 29

type G

Question 30

what things stimulate type G?

Answer 30

coffee, gastrin, alcohol, AA

Question 31

how long do the neck mucous cells of the gastric region live?

Answer 31

6 days

Question 32

what type of mucous do neck mucous cells produce?

Answer 32

soluble less alkaline mucous

Question 33

what is the fx of the neck mucous cells?

Answer 33

lubricate gastric contents

Question 34

which neck cells are odd columnar cells with intracellular canaliculi?

Answer 34

parietal cells

Question 35

how long do parietal cells of neck live?

Answer 35

150-200 days

Question 36

what produces HCL?

Answer 36

parietal cells

Question 37

what is necessary for B12 absorption?

Answer 37

gastric intrinsic factor

Question 38

what produces gastric intrinsic factor?

Answer 38

parietal neck cells

Question 39

what does chronic gastritis sometimes lead to?

Answer 39

pernicious anemia

Question 40

low # of ____ can lead to low amounts of intrinsic factor

Answer 40

parietal cells

Question 41

how many DNES cells does the neck of the stomach have?

Answer 41

few

Question 42

what are the 3 types of base cells?

Answer 42

chief (zygomatic) cells Parietal cells DNES cells

Question 43

what do chief cells of the base of the stomach produce?

Answer 43

primarily pepsinogen and some gastric lipase

Question 44

how long do chief cells live?

Answer 44

60-90 days

Question 45

what region is deeper pits with very twisted and branched pyloric glands?

Answer 45

pyloric

Question 46

what cell types are in the pyloric region

Answer 46

primarily surface mucus, DNES and parietal | some neck mucous

Question 47

what stomach cell produces IF?

Answer 47

parietal

Question 48

what stomach cell produces thick mucus?

Answer 48

surface mucus

Question 49

what stomach cell produces pepsinogen?

Answer 49

chief cells

Question 50

what cell produces HCL?

Answer 50

parietal

Question 51

what produces a more soluble, slightly acidic mucus?

Answer 51

neck mucous

Question 52

what produces gastrin?

Answer 52

DNES

Question 53

what cells produce gastric lipase?

Answer 53

chief

Question 54

which layer within the ME is not always present?

Answer 54

oblique

Question 55

name surface epithelium of stomach

Answer 55

simple columnar

Question 56

what are the cell types of the neck of the stomach?

Answer 56

mucous cells regenerative cells parietal cells DNES cells

Question 57

what are the cell types of the pyloric region?

Answer 57

primarily surface mucus DNES parietal some neck mucous that also produce some lysozyme