Digestive tract

Question 1

What structures are within the foregut?

Answer 1

esophagus, stomach, duodenum, liver, pancreas, spleen

Question 2

what supplies the foregut?

Answer 2

celiac trunk

Question 3

What structures are within the midgut?

Answer 3

jejunum, ileum, ascending, transverse colon

Question 4

What supplies the midgut?

Answer 4

supplied by superior mesenteric a.

Question 5

What structures are within the hindgut?

Answer 5

descending/sigmoid colon. rectum

Question 6

what supplies the hindgut?

Answer 6

inferior mesenteric a.

Question 7

What does the parietal peritoneum line?

Answer 7

internal surface of abdominopelvic wall

Question 8

what does the visceral peritoneum line?

Answer 8

abdominal organs

Question 9

what are intraperitoneal organs?

Answer 9

organs completely enveloped in visceral peritoneum

Question 10

what are retroperitoneal organs?

Answer 10

organs against wall that are lined only by parieral peritoneum

Question 11

what is the mesentery?

Answer 11

double layer of peritoneum that covers majority of small intestine and superior mesenteric vessels

Question 12

what is the transverse mesocolone

Answer 12

mesenteric projection to cover transverse colon

Question 13

What is the function of the coronary ligament?

Answer 13

projection of peritoneum to liver surface, holds liver to wall

Question 14

what is the lesser omentum?

Answer 14

mesenteric connection between liver and GI tract

Question 15

Divisions of the lesser omentum?

Answer 15

Hepatogastric ligement connects liver to stomach, hepatoduodenal ligament connects liver to duodenum

Question 16

what does the hepatoduodenal ligament contain?

Answer 16

portal triad

Question 17

what structures are within portal triad?

Answer 17

common bile duct, portal vein, proper hepatic a.

Question 18

what does the greater omentum connect?

Answer 18

stomach and transverse colon

Question 19

what does the gastrosplenic ligament connect?

Answer 19

stomach and spllen

Question 20

what does the splenorenal ligament connect?

Answer 20

spleen and left kidney

Question 21

list the general tissue layers of the GI. innermost to outer?

Answer 21

mucosa- submucosa-muscularis-adventitia

Question 22

what is contained within the submucosa?

Answer 22

vasculature, meissners plexus, lymphati c tissue

Question 23

function of meissners plexus?

Answer 23

parasympathetic control of GI, secretion and blood flow regulation

Question 24

Function of the esophagus?

Answer 24

controlled autonomic contractions that creates peristalsis, once bolus reaches esophageal hiatus, cardiac sphincter relaxes to allow passage

Question 25

what is the z -line?

Answer 25

change in mucosa layer of the esophagus, allows contact with stomach acid

Question 26

what is the lower esophageal sphincter?

Answer 26

constricts to prevent acid refluc

Question 27

what part of the stomach enlarges with eating?

Answer 27

fundus

Question 28

what is the main propulsive portion of the stomach?

Answer 28

the body

Question 29

what are gastric rugae and what is there function?

Answer 29

folds in the stomach lining that allow for stretching of the stomach

Question 30

function of the gastric sphincter?

Answer 30

allows bolus into duodenum

Question 31

main function of stomach?

Answer 31

mixes foods with digestive enzymes

Question 32

what is the stomach lined with to protect against acid?

Answer 32

mucus

Question 33

what enzymes are secreted into stomach?

Answer 33

HCL, pepsinogen

Question 34

which portion of the duodenum is considered intraperitoneal?

Answer 34

superior region

Question 35

where does the bile enter the duodenum?

Answer 35

hepatopancreatic ampulla in the descending region

Question 36

characteristics of the jejunum?

Answer 36

thick, plicae circulares (folds)prominent, single arcade loop, long vasta recta

Question 37

which portion of small intestine has greatest vasculature?

Answer 37

jejunum

Question 38

characteristics of ileum?

Answer 38

thin, plicae less prominent, smaller arcades, shorter vasa recta

Question 39

what are small intenstine arcades?

Answer 39

anastomose arteries

Question 40

what are small intestine vasa recta?

Answer 40

branches off the arcades

Question 41

Name the portions of the large intestine?

Answer 41

cecum, ascending colon, transverse, descending colon, sigmoid colon

Question 42

Name the three salivary glands?

Answer 42

parotid, submandibular, sublingual

Question 43

function of enzyme lysozyme?

Answer 43

inhibits bacterial growth

Question 44

function of salivary amylas?

Answer 44

breaks down carbs

Question 45

what ligament divides the halves of the liver?

Answer 45

falciform ligament

Question 46

name the two additional regions of the left liver?

Answer 46

posterior caudate and anterior quadrate

Question 47

Function of gallbladder?

Answer 47

production and storage of bile

Question 48

what two ducts merge to form common bile duct?

Answer 48

hepatic duct (liver) and cystic duct (gallbladder)

Question 49

importance of porta hepatis?

Answer 49

allows all nutrients to enter liver first

Question 50

Function of hepatopancreatic ampulla?

Answer 50

point where pancreatic duct and common bile duct merge

Question 51

what duct drains unciate process of pancreas?

Answer 51

accesory pancreatic duct