Digestive, Urinary, and Reproductive Systems

Question 1

Path of food, in->out

Answer 1

Mouth -> esophagus -> stomach (and stomach acid) -> small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum)-> large intestine => appendix, cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon-> sigmoid colon-> rectum -> anus

Question 2

Parotid gland

Answer 2

• makes saliva

- one of 3 salivary glands

Question 3

Esophagus

Answer 3

• a muscle tube with an average diameter of 2cm that descends through the neck and thorax alongside the vertebral column
• descends through the mediastinum posterior to the great vessels and the trachea. passes into the abdominal cavity through the esophageal hiatus at T10 level

Question 4

Cardioesophageal junction

Answer 4

• where the esophagus enters the cardiac orifice of the stomach to release bolus and liquids into the stomach for mechanical digestion
• lower esophageal sphincter is an autonomically-innervated smooth muscle at the cardiac orifice

Question 5

LES- lower esophageal sphincter

Answer 5

• the sphincter between the stomach and esophagus at the height of the cardiac tissue
• prevents stomach acid and stomach contents from flowing backward into the esophagus
• inadequate closure of the LES results in gastrointestinal reflux or GERD= heart burn