Directions, Planes, and Regions

Question 1

1) Superior ​(or cranial)

2) Inferior (or caudal)

Answer 1

-describes a position above or higher than another part of the body proper. The orbits are superior to the oris

-describes a position below or lower than another part of the body proper; near or toward the tail (in humans, the coccyx, or lowest part of the spinal column). The pelvis is inferior to the abdomen.

Question 2

3) Anterior (or ventral)

4) Posterior (or dorsal)

Answer 2

• Describes the front or direction toward the front of the body. The toes are anterior to the foot.

-Describes the back or direction toward the back of the body. The popliteus is posterior to the patella.

Question 3

5) Medial

6)Lateral

Answer 3

• describes the middle or direction toward the middle of the body. The hallux is the medial toe.
• describes the side or direction toward the side of the body. The thumb (pollex) is lateral to the digits

Question 4

7) Ventral

Answer 4

-describes the front or direction toward the middle of the body. The toes are ventral to the foot.

Question 5

8) Proximal

9) Distal

Answer 5

• describes a position in a limb that is nearer to the point of attachment or the trunk of the body. The brachium is proximal to the antebrachium.
• describes a position in a limb that is farther from the point of attachment or the trunk of the body. The crus is distal to the femur.

Question 6

10) Superficial

11) Deep

Answer 6

-describes a position closer to the surface of the body. The skin is superficial to the bones.

• describes a position farther from the surface of the body. The brain is deep to the skull.

Question 7

12) Rostral

13) Caudal

Answer 7

• describes a position toward the forehead
• describes a position below or lower than another part of the body

Question 8

14) Frontal Plane

15) Sagittal Plane

16) Transverse Plane

Answer 8

• vertical plane; divides the body or organ into anterior and posterior portions
• vertical plane; divides the body or organ into right and left sides
• horizontal plane; divides the body or organ into superior and inferior portions

Question 9

17) Prone

18) Supine

Answer 9

• face down orientation.

-face up orientation.

Question 10

19) Axillary
20) Oral
21) Orbital
22) Buccal
23) Cervical

Answer 10

• axilla or armpit
• oris or mouth
• oculus, ocular, eye
• cheek
• neck

Question 11

24) Thoracic

Answer 11

• superior division of the anterior (ventral) cavity that houses organs such as the heart, lungs, esophagus, and trachea

Question 12

25) Lumbar

Answer 12

• lumbus/loin

Question 13

26) Sacral

Answer 13

• sacrum

Question 14

27) Antecubital

Answer 14

• antecubitis or front of elbow

Question 15

28) Umbilical

Answer 15

• umbilicus or navel

Question 16

29) Abdominal

Answer 16

• abdomen

Question 17

30) Inguinal

Answer 17

• inguen or groin

Question 18

31) Femoral

Answer 18

• femur or thigh

Question 19

32) Brachial

Answer 19

• brachium or arm

Question 20

33) Gluteal

Answer 20

• gluteus or buttock

Question 21

34) Pubic

Answer 21

• pubis

Question 22

35) Patellar

Answer 22

• patella/kneecap

Question 23

36) Digital

Answer 23

• digits, phalanges, fingers, toes, or phalangeal

Question 24

37) Occipital

Answer 24

• Located near the occipital bone or rear of the head

Question 25

38) Deltoid

Answer 25

• the thick muscle that creates the rounded lines of the shoulder, is the major abductor of the arm, but it also facilitates flexing and medial rotation, as well as extension and lateral rotation.

Question 26

39) Scapular

Answer 26

• related to the scapula/shoulder blade

Question 27

40) Dorsal (aka posterior)

Answer 27

• describes the back or direction toward the back of the body. Ex: the popliteus is posterior to the patella

Question 28

41) Popliteal

Answer 28

• popliteus/back of knee

Question 29

42) Sural

Answer 29

• sura/calf

Question 30

43) Calcaneal

Answer 30

• calcaneus/ heel of foot

Question 31

44) Abdominopelvic Quadrants

Answer 31

• the four quadrants: the right upper (RUQ), right lower (RLQ), left upper (LUQ), and left lower (LLQ)

Question 32

45) Abdominopelvic Regions

Answer 32

• nine abdominal regions: right hypochondriac, right lumbar, right iliac, epigastric, umbilical, hypogastric (or pubic), left hypochondriac, left lumbar, and left iliac divisions.