Disease

Question 1

Define disease

Answer 1

A disorder of structure or function in a human, animal or plant, especially one that produces specific symptoms or affects a specific location and is not simply a direct result of physical injury

Question 2

What causes infectious diseases?

Answer 2

Pathogens and can be transmitted between hosts

Question 3

Pathogen

Answer 3

A biological agent that causes diseases

Question 4

Micro organism

Answer 4

Microscopic single celled oraganism

Question 5

Host

Answer 5

A person infected with a pathogen

Question 6

Transmission

Answer 6

The movement of a pathogen between hosts

Question 7

Vector

Answer 7

A biological agent that transmits a pathogen but is not necessarily harmed by it

Question 8

Non infectious disease

Answer 8

They are the result of a bodily process not working correctly

Question 9

What causes non-infectious dieseases

Answer 9

Genetic, lifestyle and environmental factors

Question 10

Name three types of infectious diseases

Answer 10

Ebola, whooping cough and influenza

Question 11

Name three types of non-infectious diseases

Answer 11

Autism, lung cancer and asthma

Question 12

What are the types of pathogens?

Answer 12

Bacteria, prions, fungi, viruses, macroscopic parasites and protozoa

Question 13

What are the 3 shapes of bacteria?

Answer 13

Cocci(round), bacilli(rods) and spirilla(spirals)

Question 14

What an example of a disease caused by cocci?

Answer 14

Golden staph

Question 15

Disease caused by virus

Answer 15

Conjunctivitis

Question 16

Protozoa

Answer 16

Malaria

Question 17

Fungi

Answer 17

Thrush

Question 18

Proins

Answer 18

Mad cow disease

Question 19

Macroscopic parasites

Answer 19

Worms

Question 20

Lung cancer is caused by

Answer 20

Lifestyle choices

Question 21

Ms is caused by

Answer 21

Genetic factors

Question 22

Lead poisoning is caused by

Answer 22

Environmental factors

Question 23

What pathogen causes HIV Aids?

Answer 23

The human immunodeficiency virus

Question 24

How is HIV Aids transmitted?

Answer 24

Blood

Question 25

What are the symptoms of HIV Aids?

Answer 25

``` Lack of energy Weight loss Fevers/sweats Yeast infections Rashes/flacky skin Short term memory loss Herpes ```

Question 26

Prevention of HIV Aids

Answer 26

Contraceptives, not sharing needles, a drug-truvada-can help, getting medical help while pregnant can significantly reduce the risk of the baby being born with it

Question 27

Treatment of HIV Aids

Answer 27

Therapy (ART) can be used to slow the progression of the virus

Question 28

Endemic

Answer 28

A disease that regularly effects a small number of people in the population

Question 29

Epidemic

Answer 29

Higher than normal numbers are affected by a particular disease in a certain place

Question 30

Outbreak

Answer 30

A disease that suddenly got out of control

Question 31

Pandemic

Answer 31

Outbreak that goes global crossing continental boarders, everyone is at risk

Question 32

Define health

Answer 32

Health is state of complete mental, physical and social wellbeing and not barely the absence of disease

Question 33

What are the three lines of defence?

Answer 33

Physical barriers, non specific response and immune response

Question 34

What are your physical barriers?

Answer 34

Your skin(microorganisms can't penetrate it), mucous membranes(digestive, respiratory, reproductive and urinary tracts have mucous which have an antibody which prevents pathogens invading) and cilia (tiny 'hairs' that line respiratory tract and catch pathogens)

Question 35

What does your non-specific response do?

Answer 35

Inflammation response (blood circulation increases so more white blood cells can come, and more toxins can be removed) and phagocytes(pac man, and when they eat the foreign material they die, and become pus)

Question 36

What is the immune response?

Answer 36

Acquired immunity. An antigen(bad) is eaten by a phagocyte. The phagocyte shows the antigen on its surface. An antibody(T helper) then recognises the antigen then signals other antibodies to kill this antigen.

Question 37

What is natural immunity?

Answer 37

When you've had a disease its harder to catch it again

Question 38

What is artificial immunity?

Answer 38

Artificially stimulating the body to fight an antigen without previously having the disease

Question 39

What is passive immunity.

Answer 39

When you inject antibodies into someone

Question 40

What is active immunity?

Answer 40

When you're vaccinated with a weak or related version of the disease