disease process 2 Flashcards
(26 cards)
affect the upper urinary tract (kidneys and ureters), the lower urinary tract (bladder and urethra) or both. primarily caused by bacteria, most frequently gram-negative organisms
urinary tract infection
a clinical state characterized by proteinuria, edema, hyperlipidemia, and hypoproteinemia. comes in 3 forms: 1. idiopathic or primary 2. secondary, occuring as a result of glomerular damage caused by a known etiology 3. congenitally
nephrotic syndrome (nephrosis)
a blockage of the flow of urine out of the body. It is a common cause of acute and chronic renal failure and may result from a wide variety of pathologic processes, intrinsic and extrinsic to the urinary system.
urinary obstruction
a specific type of urinary tract infection (UTI) that generally begins in your urethra or bladder and travels up into your kidneys.
pyelonephritis
most common renal and intraabdominal malignant tumor of childhood, accounting for 20% of solid tumors in children
Wilms tumor
failure of testes to descend into the scrotum
cryptorchidism
inflammation of the pharynx, frequently occurs between ages 4 and 12 years of age, when children are increasingly exposed to infections outside the home
acute pharyngitis
masses of lymphoid tissue located in the pharyngeal cavity believed to protect the respiratory and alimentary tracts from invasion by pathogenic microorganisms
tonsillitis
acute viral disease of childhood, marked by a resonant barking cough, suffocative and difficult breathing, and laryngeal spasm
croup
inflammation of the tissue that covers the trachea (windpipe). It is a life-threatening disease.
epiglottitis
inflammation of the large airways, the trachea, and the bronchi. It usually follows an upper respiratory infection and is almost always viral in orign
bronchitis
swelling and inflammation of the main air passages to the lungs. This swelling narrows the airways, making it harder to breathe and causing other symptoms, such as a cough.
acute bronchiolitis
a chronic bacterial lung infection caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis
pulmonary tuberculosis
multiorgan disease, a child inherited the defective gene from both parents, this disorder of the exocrine glands, with the characteristic presence of excessive thick mucus that obstructs the lungs and the gastrointestinal system
cystic fibrosis
acute inflammation of the pulmonary parenchyma (tissue), small airways, and alveoli. classification of pneumnoa is by the causative agent: bacterial, viral, mycoplasmal, or foreign body aspiration
pneumonia
chronic inflammatory disorder of the ariways in which many cells play a role
asthma
facial malformations that occur during embryologic development
cleft lip palate
when the body loses more fluid than it absorbs, as in the presence of diarrhea or when it absorbs less water than it excretes, as in the presence of vomiting.
dehydration
a disturbance in intestinal motility, characterized by an increase in frequency, fluid content, and volume of stools
gastroenteritis (diarrhea)
passage of hardened stools, and it often occurs in association with failure to completely evacuate the colon with defacation
constipation
effortless regurgitation of the gastric contents into the esophagus
gastroesophageal reflux
an obstructive disorder in which the gastric outlet is mechanically obstructed by a congenitally hypertrophied pylori muscle
Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
the most common cause of intestinal obstruction in children between 3 months and 6 years of age
intussusception
protrusion of organs or portions of an organ through a structural defect or weakened muscle wall
hernia
