Disease & Wellness

Question 1

atherosclerosis

Answer 1

buildup of plaque on the inner lining of an arterial wall over time that causes the arteries to harden and may lead to a myocardial infarction

Question 2

autism spectrum disorder

Answer 2

mental condition present from early childhood, most often characterized by difficulty communicating, forming relationships, using language, and understanding abstract concepts

Question 3

body mass index (BMI)

Answer 3

a method that uses height and weight to determine whether a person is at a healthy weight, overweight, or underweight

Question 4

cancer

Answer 4

the spread of cancerous cells from their place of origin to other parts of the body via the bloodstream

Question 5

chemotherapy

Answer 5

treatment of a disease with chemical agents

Question 6

chronic disease

Answer 6

a disease of long duration

Question 7

communicable disease

Answer 7

a disease that is caused by pathogens and can be transferred from one living thing to another

Question 8

dementia

Answer 8

condition characterized by a decrease in mental ability, including loss of memory, impaired judgment, and disorientation

Question 9

diabetes mellitus

Answer 9

a disease caused by insufficient utilization of insulin, resulting in an increased amount of glucose in the blood and urine

Question 10

disease

Answer 10

any condition that interferes with the normal function of the body

Question 11

disorder

Answer 11

an abnormality of function; a pathological condition

Question 12

drug-resistant bacteria

Answer 12

strains of a bacterium that have adapted and are no longer controlled or killed by normal antibiotic treatment

Question 13

hepatitis

Answer 13

Inflammation of the liver

Question 14

incurable disease

Answer 14

a disease that cannot be cured or adequately treated

Question 15

inflammation

Answer 15

a localized reaction in which part of the body becomes reddened, swollen, hot, and often painful, especially as a reaction to injury or infection

Question 16

malignant

Answer 16

term that describes a life-threatening tumor

Question 17

medical specialties

Answer 17

Specific areas of medicine that are often named according to a body system

Question 18

metastasis

Answer 18

the spread of cancerous cells from their place of origin to other parts of the body via the bloodstream

Question 19

monogenic disease

Answer 19

a disease that is caused by a flaw in one gene

Question 20

myocardial infarction

Answer 20

heart attack

Question 21

neoplasm

Answer 21

a tumor; can be either malignant or benign

Question 22

noncommunicable disease

Answer 22

a disease that cannot be passed from one living thing to another, and which is caused by genes, diet, behavior, and other factors

Question 23

post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Answer 23

an anxiety disorder that may develop after exposure to a terrifying event or ordeal in which severe physical harm occurred or was threatened

Question 24

proteomics

Answer 24

field of biotechnology concerned with analyzing the structure, function, and interactions of the proteins produced by the genes of a particular cell, tissue, or organism

Question 25

stroke

Answer 25

a medical emergency in which blood flow to a part of the brain is cut off

Question 26

syndrome

Answer 26

a group of symptoms that together indicate a disease

Question 27

terminal disease

Answer 27

a disease that eventually ends in death

Question 28

tuberculosis

Answer 28

infectious bacterial disease characterized by the growth of nodules in the tissues, especially the lung

Question 29

addiction

Answer 29

a physical or psychological need for a habit-forming substance or an activity

Question 30

aerobic exercises

Answer 30

exercise that requires the heart to deliver oxygenated blood to working muscles

Question 31

anorexia nervosa

Answer 31

an eating disorder characterized by low weight, fear of gaining weight, and food restriction

Question 32

bipolar disorder

Answer 32

mental health disorder characterized by alternating periods of euphoria and depression

Question 33

body image

Answer 33

a person’s thoughts and feelings about how they look

Question 34

bulimia nervosa

Answer 34

an eating disorder characterized by low weight, fear of gaining weight, and food restriction

Question 35

community health resources

Answer 35

resources made available by communities to improve the health of people and the communities in which they live

Question 36

complementary and alternative medicines (CAM)

Answer 36

health practices used in place of or in conjunction with conventional medicine

Question 37

conventional medicine

Answer 37

the standard system of healthcare used in many parts of the world

Question 38

emotional intelligence (EI)

Answer 38

the measure of one’s ability to be aware of, control, and express one’s emotions and to maintain successful interpersonal relations

Question 39

endorphins

Answer 39

hormones secreted within the brain during exercise that reduce the sensation of pain or stress

Question 40

euphoria

Answer 40

emotional and mental condition in which a person experiences intense feelings of well being, happiness, and excitement

Question 41

health literacy

Answer 41

an individual’s ability to obtain, communicate, and understand basic health information and services, allowing them to make appropriate health decisions

Question 42

holistic health

Answer 42

use of medicine that uses all appropriate, traditional methods established in the medical environment

Question 43

major depressive disorder

Answer 43

a mental health condition characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a loss of interest or pleasure in activities

Question 44

opioids

Answer 44

a natural, semisynthetic, or synthetic substance that typically binds to the same cell receptors as opium and produces similar narcotic effects

Question 45

preventive care

Answer 45

routine healthcare including screenings, checkups, and patient counseling to prevent illnesses, disease, and other health issues

Question 46

self-esteem

Answer 46

the personal level of satisfaction about oneself and one’s abilities

Question 47

stress

Answer 47

the body’s physical, mental, and emotional response to change, trauma, or challenging situations

Question 48

substance abuse

Answer 48

the use of drugs or alcohol, or a misuse of prescription medication

Question 49

suicide

Answer 49

intentionally ending one’s life

Question 50

suicide cluster

Answer 50

multiple suicides that occur within a community during a relatively short period

Question 51

suicide contagion

Answer 51

term for the copying of suicide attempts after hearing about another person’s suicide