Diseases

Question 1

List of diseases for this module:

Answer 1

Bacterial canker (Bacteria)

Fireblight (Bacteria)

Potato leaf curl virus (& vector Peach potato aphid) (Virus)

Tobacco mosaic virus (Virus)

Hollyhock rust (Fungus)

Rose black spot (Fungus)

Grey mould (Fungus)

Strawberry powdery mildew (Fungus)

Honey fungus (Fungus)

Damping off (Fungus)

Potato blight (Fungus)

Apple & Pear canker (Fungus)

Club root (Fungus)

Question 2

Two controls for Bacterial canker:

Answer 2

Cultural - Choose resistant varieties (‘Merla’) / Good hygiene

Physical - Cut out infected sections and burn prunings

Question 3

Two controls for Fireblight:

Answer 3

Cultural - Keep pruning tools sterile

Physical - Prune infected material 60cm below stained wood - seal the wounds!

Question 4

Two controls for Tobacco mosaic virus:

Answer 4

Cultural - Use good hygiene - wash tools and hands in hot soapy water.

Physical - Remove and burn infected plants

Question 5

Two controls for Potato leaf curl virus (& vector Peach potato aphid):

Answer 5

Cultural - Select a resistant cultivar (‘Valor’)

Physical - Immediately remove plants showing symptoms, and burn.

Question 6

Two controls for Hollyhock rust:

Answer 6

Cultural - Treat as a biennial (not perennial) and remove after flowering

Physical - Remove and burn in autumn, after flowering

Question 7

Two controls for Grey mould:

Answer 7

Cultural - Improve air circulation to reduce humidity

Physical - Remove and destroy infected plant material regularly

Question 8

Two controls for Strawberry powdery mildew:

Answer 8

Cultural - Mulch around plants to prevent water loss in summer

Chemical - Myclobutanil reduces disease

Question 9

Two controls for Rose black spot:

Answer 9

Cultural - Regular removal of dropped leaves removes reservoir of disease

Chemical - Tebuconazole prevents and treats (needs repeating!)

Question 10

Two controls for Damping off:

Answer 10

Cultural - Hygiene! Clean all equipment and use fresh, sterile growing media

Physical - Remove infected seedlings

Question 11

Two controls for Potato blight:

Answer 11

Cultural - Ensure seed potatoes are disease-free and resistant

Physical - Remove and burn infected leaves quickly!

Question 12

Two controls for Honey fungus:

Answer 12

Cultural - Select new and replacement plants to be resistant (e.g. Taxus and Buxus)

Physical - Remove dead tree stump & roots, and burn!

Question 13

Two controls for Apple & pear canker:

Answer 13

Cultural - Disinfect pruning tools

Physical - Remove and burn infected plant tissue

Question 14

Two controls for Club root:

Answer 14

Cultural - Liming of soil to increase pH (reduces spore activity)

Physical - Destroy infected plants, and NEVER compost them!