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Patho Test #5 > Diseases > Flashcards

Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Multiple Sclerosis Patho?

A

Myelin eaten by immune response

Lesions develop where myelin is eaten

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2
Q

Multiple Sclerosis S/S?

A

Pseudobulbar effect, polyneuropathy, unilateral, vision loss, gait/balance off

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3
Q

Multiple Sclerosis RF?

A

Female, N. European, Vit d insufficiency

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4
Q

Multiple Sclerosis Diagnosis

A

1 lesion is 2-4 locations
Evoked potential test

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5
Q

Multiple Sclerosis Treatment?

A

No cure

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6
Q

Parkinson Patho?

A

Inside of basal ganglia, substantia nigra secretes dopamine

Nigra loses color, neurons atrophy

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7
Q

Parkinson S/S?

A

Tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia, postural instability

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8
Q

Parkinson RF

A

Male

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9
Q

Parkinson diagnosis

A

S/S, no test

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10
Q

Parkinson treatment

A

Levodopa w/ carbidopa

Deep brain stim

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11
Q

What is a Thrombotic stroke?

A

Occlusions of cerebral artery

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12
Q

What is a Embolic stroke?

A

Obstruction via emboli that dislodge from distant sites

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13
Q

What is a Hemorrhagic stroke?

A

Cerebral bleeding via trauma

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14
Q

Stoke S/S

A

Sudden death, unilateral weakness, vision loss, dizziness

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15
Q

Stroke RF

A

Hypertension, smoking, diabetes

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16
Q

Stroke diagnosis

A

History/exam, CT, MRI

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17
Q

Stroke treatment

A

IV thrombolytic or anticoagulant

Rehab, PT/OT

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18
Q

TPN S/S?

A

anorexia, nausea, vomiting, weakness, confusion, coma

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19
Q

TPN diagnosis?

A

ABG, anion gap, electrolyte test

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20
Q

TPN acidosis treatment?

A

push bicarb and iv fluids
Adjust formula

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21
Q

Hydrocephalus non-communicating patho

A

Obstruction of flow of CSG; often a tumor

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22
Q

Hydrocephalus communicating patho

A

Impaired CSF absorption into venous system

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23
Q

Hydrocephalus S/S

A

Frontal bossing, sunset eyes, motor/intellectual issues

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24
Q

Hydrocephalus RF

A

Genetics, premature infant, meningitis

25
Q

Hydrocephalus diagnosis

A

Measure head circumference, transillumination

26
Q

Hydrocephalus treatment

A

ONLY NON-COMM: Endoscopic 3rd ventriculostomy

Ventricular peritoneal shunt or ventricular atrial shunt

27
Q

Colon Cancer Patho

A

As it moves up colonic crypt to bowel surface, cells die and sloughed off, becomes polyp

28
Q

Where does colon cancer start?

A

colonic crypts

29
Q

Colon Cancer RF

A

Over 50, fam hx, smoking

30
Q

Colon Cancer test

A

fecal occult blood, guaiac smear

31
Q

Colon Cancer treatment

A

Chemo, biological agent, radiation

32
Q

Colon Cancer 5-year survival rate for localized tumor

A

90%

33
Q

Colon Cancer 5-year survival rate for metastasis tumor

A

14%

34
Q

Primary TB S/S

A

asymptomatic

35
Q

Chronic TB S/S

A

malaise, weight loss, fatigue, anorexia, low grade fever

36
Q

TB RF?

A

Being in large groups of people

37
Q

TB Test

A

Skin test, cxray

38
Q

TB Treatment

A

4 antimicrobial drugs

39
Q

Iron Deficiency Anemia s/s

A

fatigue, light headed, pallor, poor perfusion, tachypnea, pica, hypoxia

40
Q

Iron Deficiency Anemia rf

A

female, pregnancy, chronic hemorrhage, malabsorption

41
Q

Iron Deficiency Anemia test

A

history, exam, blood test

42
Q

Iron Deficiency Anemia treatment

A

iron rich diet, iron supplements

43
Q

Tinea diagnosis

A

wood lamp

44
Q

Left heart failure S/S

A

Crackles, hard time breathing

45
Q

Right heart failure S/S

A

Systemic fluid backup

46
Q

Heart failure treatment

A

Diuretics, supplemental oxygen

47
Q

Heart failure RF

A

Hypertension, COPD

48
Q

Acromegaly Patho

A

Hyperplasia due to excessive GH

GH stimulates IGF-1; causes growth in bones, cartilage, and organs

49
Q

Acromegaly S/S

A

Abnormal growth of hands and feet, altered facial features, deep voice

50
Q

Acromegaly RF

A

gigantism in kids

51
Q

Acromegaly diagnosis

A

Glucose tolerance testing

52
Q

Acromegaly treatment

A

Drugs, radiation of pituitary gland, surgical removal of adenoma

53
Q

Bacterial Meningitis caused by what pathogen?

A

Nisseria Meningitis

54
Q

Bacterial Meningitis patho

A

Respiratory droplets from infected person attach to epithelial cells

55
Q

Bacterial Meningitis S/S

A

severe headache, decreased alertness, loss of consciousness, vomiting, seizures

56
Q

Bacterial Meningitis RF

A

College students in close quarters

57
Q

Bacterial Meningitis diagnosis

A

History and exam
Cultures of blood and CSF

58
Q

Bacterial Meningitis treatment

A

IV antibiotics, maintain vital organ perfusion and adequate blood flow

Patho Test #5 (2 decks)

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