Diseases Flashcards
What is a disease?
A disease is the condition in which the normal state of an organism is modified or damaged.
Name the four types of diseases.
- Physiological
- Deficiency
- Pathogenic
- Hereditary
What is a Physiological Disease?
This is when a body organ malfunctions or its cellular structure may change over a period of time.
Give examples of Physiological Diseases.
Diabetes, Hypertension, Cancer, Alzheimer’s disease
What is a Deficiency Disease?
This is caused by the shortage or lack of certain essential factors or nutrients in the diet.
Give examples of Deficiency Diseases.
Anaemia, Rickets, Scurvy, Kwashiorkor
What is a Pathogenic Disease?
This is a disease caused by the presence of another organism, living on or in the organism.
Give examples of Pathogenic Diseases.
Dengue, AIDS, Influenza, Chicken Pox, Covid-19, Malaria
What is a Hereditary Disease?
Hereditary Diseases are diseases that are passed from one generation to another and as such cannot be cured.
Give two examples of Hereditary Diseases.
Sickle Cell Anaemia, Haemophilia
What are Infectious Diseases?
Infectious or communicable diseases are diseases that can be passed from one person to another.
They are caused by microscopic organisms called pathogens.
A pathogen can be a…
Bacterium, virus, fungus, protozoan
What is a Non-communicable Disease?
This is a disease that cannot be passed from one person to another.
How are Infectious Diseases transmitted?
Through:
1. Contact transmission
2. Droplet transmission
3. Airborne transmission
4. Food-borne transmission
5. Water-borne transmission (contaminated water)
6. Vector-borne transmission
Scurvy is a Deficiency Disease. What is it caused by?
A lack of Vitamin C.
