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Diseases Flashcards

Cause and Control (47 cards)

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1
Q
A
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2
Q

What is a disease?

A

An abnormal condition that negatively affects the structure or function of an organism.

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3
Q

What are the two main types of diseases?

A
  • Communicable Diseases
  • Non-Communicable Diseases
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4
Q

What causes communicable diseases?

A

Pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa.

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5
Q

How are communicable diseases spread?

A
  • Air
  • Water
  • Food
  • Direct contact
  • Vectors
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6
Q

What bacteria causes Tuberculosis (TB)?

A
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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7
Q

What are the symptoms of Tuberculosis?

A
  • Persistent cough
  • Chest pain
  • Fatigue
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8
Q

How is Tuberculosis spread?

A

Through airborne droplets.

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9
Q

What is a preventive measure for Tuberculosis?

A
  • BCG vaccine
  • Maintaining hygiene
  • Covering mouth while coughing
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10
Q

What bacteria causes Typhoid?

A
  • Salmonella typhi
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11
Q

What are the symptoms of Typhoid?

A
  • High fever
  • Weakness
  • Stomach pain
  • Loss of appetite
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12
Q

How is Typhoid spread?

A

Through contaminated food and water.

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13
Q

What are preventive measures for Typhoid?

A
  • Proper sanitation
  • Vaccination
  • Drinking clean water
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14
Q

What virus causes the Common Cold?

A
  • Rhinoviruses
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15
Q

What are the symptoms of the Common Cold?

A
  • Runny nose
  • Sore throat
  • Mild fever
  • Sneezing
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16
Q

How is the Common Cold spread?

A

Through droplets in the air and contaminated surfaces.

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17
Q

What are preventive measures for the Common Cold?

A
  • Hygiene
  • Avoiding infected individuals
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18
Q

What virus causes Dengue?

A
  • Dengue virus
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19
Q

How is Dengue transmitted?

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A

By Aedes mosquitoes.

20
Q

What are the symptoms of Dengue?

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A
  • High fever
  • Severe body pain
  • Skin rashes
  • Bleeding
21
Q

What are preventive measures for Dengue?

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A
  • Preventing mosquito breeding
  • Using mosquito nets
22
Q

What virus causes Hepatitis A?

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A
  • Hepatitis A virus
23
Q

What are the symptoms of Hepatitis A?

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A
  • Jaundice
  • Nausea
  • Abdominal pain
24
Q

How is Hepatitis A spread?

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A

Through contaminated food and water.

25
What are preventive measures for Hepatitis A?
* Hepatitis A vaccine * Proper sanitation
26
What protozoan causes Malaria?
* Plasmodium species (P. vivax, P. falciparum)
27
How is Malaria transmitted?
By female Anopheles mosquitoes.
28
What are the symptoms of Malaria?
* Chills * High fever * Sweating * Headache
29
What are preventive measures for Malaria?
* Mosquito control * Using mosquito nets
30
What protozoan causes Amoebiasis?
* Entamoeba histolytica
31
How is Amoebiasis spread?
Through contaminated food and water.
32
What are the symptoms of Amoebiasis?
* Severe diarrhea * Abdominal cramps
33
What are preventive measures for Amoebiasis?
* Drinking purified water * Proper hygiene
34
What are deficiency diseases caused by?
Lack of essential nutrients in the diet.
35
Give an example of a deficiency disease caused by Vitamin C deficiency.
Scurvy
36
Give an example of a deficiency disease caused by Vitamin D deficiency.
Rickets
37
What is a lifestyle disease?
Caused by unhealthy habits, lack of exercise, and poor diet.
38
Give an example of a lifestyle disease.
* Diabetes * Hypertension * Obesity
39
What causes genetic diseases?
Inherited from parents due to genetic mutations.
40
Give an example of a genetic disease.
* Haemophilia * Sickle Cell Anaemia
41
What is one key measure for personal hygiene?
Regular hand washing.
42
What is the role of vaccination in disease prevention?
Helps prevent infectious diseases like TB, polio, hepatitis.
43
What can prevent deficiency diseases?
Balanced diet.
44
What lifestyle choice can reduce the risk of lifestyle diseases?
Exercise and healthy lifestyle.
45
What are public health measures for disease control?
* Vector control * Sanitation programs * Awareness campaigns
46
True or False: Non-Communicable Diseases can spread from one person to another.
False
47
True or False: Hygiene plays a crucial role in disease prevention.
True

BIOLOGY (8 decks)

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