Diseases Flashcards
(61 cards)
What is involved in the appearance and behaviour part of the MSE?
- Age, gender and race
- Grooming
- Clothing
- Posture
- Gait and odd movements
- Evidence of injuries and illness
- Smell
- Eye contact
What is involved in the speech part of the MSE?
- Rate
- Amount
- Tone variation
- Volume
What is involved in the mood and affect part of the MSE?
- how the patient is feeling today is mood
- Affect is the doctor’s assessment including how it varies and if this is appropriate
- Affect can be blunted and level or unreactive and low
What is involved in the cognitive function part of the MSE?
- Orientation to time, place and person
- Concentration
- Memory
- Attention
What is involved in the insight part of the MSE?
- Recognition of being unwell
- Need for treatment
- Cause of being unwell
What is involved in the perception part of the MSE?
- Hallucinations: auditory, visual, taste, touch etc
- Second person and third person
- Mood congruent or mood incongruent
- Voices in heads or through their ears
- Illusions
What is an illusion?
your brain thinks something is something else for a short time
What is involved in the thoughts part of the MSE?
- Control
- Content
- Flow: circumstantial, tangential or complete thought block
- Form
- Delusion
- Obsession
- Speed or lack/excess of thought
What is the MSE?
technical description on the behaviour at the time of consultation not a history
What are the parts of the MSE?
- Appearance and behaviour
- Speech
- Mood and affect
- Cognitive function
- Insight
- Perception
- Thoughts
What are some extra important aspects of the social history in psychiatry?
- childhood, upbringing, school, abuse in the house, mother pregnancy and substance misuse
- bullying, interaction with friends, social development
- ACEs
- sexual and friend relationships
- marital history, family relationships
- substance misuse, history with police, prison stays, types of crime, history of violence and possession of weapons
- occupation
- self-harm
- general social behaviours
- religion and beliefs
- sleep, mood and appetite
What is psychosis?
mental disorder in which thoughts and ability to recognise reality is impaired and there is an inability to cope with reality or function
What is schizoaffective disorder?
overlap between bipolar disorder and schizophrenia
What are some psychotic symptoms?
- hallucination
- ideas of reference
- delusions
- formal thought disorder
- thought interference
- passivity phenomena
- loss of insight
What are ideas of reference?
innocuous and coincidental events that are ascribed significant meaning by a person
What is paranoia?
- ideas about the person themselves that can be positive or negative
- can be persecutory
What are primary vs secondary delusions?
- Primary= arrive fully formed in the brain without need for explanation
- Secondary= attempts to explain other psychotic experiences eg hallucinations or thought insertions
What are the pathological thought issues?
though insertion, withdrawal, broadcasting or blockage
What is the passivity phenomena?
- passivity of volition = made actions
- passivity of affect = made feelings
- passivity of impulse = made urges
What is Type 1 trauma?
single incident trauma which is sudden and unexpected
What is Type 2 trauma?
ongoing repetitive trauma such as abuse which is more likely to cause PTSD
Where do the fight or flight reactions come from in the body?
PAG and ventral tegmental area
What is the difference in bodily reactions for when a threat is inescapable compared to if it is distant?
- inescapable=tonic immobility
- distant=freezing can be voluntary
What happens to the activity in the brain when the body is under threat?
shifts from the cortex to the brain stem
