Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Medical Terminology > Diseases and Conditions > Flashcards

Diseases and Conditions Flashcards

(89 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

adhesion

A

abnormal fibrous band that holds or binds together tissues that are normally separated.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

edema

A

abnormal accumulation of fluid within tissue spaces as a result of systemic disease or failure of the lymphatic system to drain tissue fluid from the site.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

febrile

A

having or showing symptoms of a fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

gangrene

A

death and decay of soft tissue, usually caused by circulatory obstruction or infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

hernia

A

protrusion of any organ through the structure that normally contains it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

inflammation

A

body defense against injury, infection, or allergy marked by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, sometimes with loss of function.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

mycosis

A

any fungal infection in or on the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

perforation

A

hole that completely penetrates a structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

peritonitis

A

inflammation of the peritoneum, the serous membrane that surrounds the abdominal cavity and covers its organs, usually caused by bacteria or fungi.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

rupture

A

sudden breaking or bursting of a structure or organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

septicemia

A

severe bacterial infection of the tissues that spreads to the blood; also called sepsis or blood poisoning.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

suppuration

A

process of forming pus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

abscess

A

localized collection of pus at the site of an infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

acne

A

inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles of the skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

alopecia

A

partial or complete loss of hair resulting from normal aging, an endocrine disorder, drug reaction, anticancer medication, or a skin disease– baldness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Bowen disease

A

very early form of skin cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

cellulitis

A

diffuse (widespread), acute infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

comedo

A

typical small skin lesion of acne vulgaris caused by accumulation of keratin, bacteria, and dried sebum plugging an excretory duct of the skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

decubitus ulcer

A

inflammation, sore, or skin deterioration caused by prolonged pressure from lying in one position that prevents blood flow to the tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

ecchymosis

A

skin discoloration consisting of a large, irregularly formed hemorrhagic area with colors changing from bluish black to greenish brown or yellow. Bruise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

eczema

A

chronic inflammatory skin condition that is characterized by erythema, papules, vesicles, pustules, scales, crusts, and scabs and accompanied by intense itching.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

erythema

A

redness of the skin caused by swelling of the capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

eschar

A

dead matter that is sloughed off from the surface of the skin, especially after a burn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

impetigo

A

bacterial skin infection characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
keratosis
thickened area of the epidermis or any horny growth on the skin (callus, or wart)
26
lentigo
small brown macules, especially on the face and arms, brought on by sun exposure, usually in a middle-aged or older person
27
pallor
unnatural paleness or absence of color in the skin
28
pediculosis
infestation with lice
29
petechia
minute, pinpoint hemorrhage under the skin
30
pruritus
intense itching
31
psoriasis
chronic skin disease characterized by itchy red patches covered by thick, dry, silvery scales and caused by excessive development of the basal layer of the epidermis
32
purpura
any of several bleeding disorders characterized by hemorrhage into the tissues, particularly beneath the skin or mucous membranes, producing ecchymoses or petechiae
33
scabies
contagious skin disease transmitted by the itch mite, commonly through sexual contact
34
tinea
fungal skin infection whose name commonly indicates the body part affected; also called ringworm
35
uticaria
allergic reaction of the skin characterized by the eruption of pale red, elevated patches called wheals or hives
36
verruca
epidermal growth caused by a virus; also known as warts
37
vitiligo
localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by milk-white patches
38
anorexia
lack or loss of appetite
39
appendicitis
inflammation of the appendix, usually caused by obstruction or infection
40
ascites
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity, usually as a result of chronic liver disease, a neoplasm, or an inflammatory disorder in the abdomen.
41
borborygmus
rumbling or gurgling noises that are audible at a distance and caused by passage of gas through the liquid contents of the intestine
42
cholelithiasis
presence or formation of gallstones in the gallbladder
43
cirrhosis
scarring and dysfunction of the liver caused by chronic liver disease
44
Crohn Disease
form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) usually of the ileum but possibly affecting any portion of the intestinal tract; also called regional enteritis
45
dysentery
inflammation of the intestine, especially in the colon, that may be caused by ingesting water or food containing chemical irritants, bacteria, protozoa, or parasites and results in bloody diarrhea.
46
flatus
gas in the GI tract
47
gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
backflow of gastric contents into the esophagus as a result of a malfunction of the sphincter muscle at the inferior portion of the esophagus
48
halitosis
foul smelling breath
49
hematemesis
vomiting of blood from bleeding in the stomach or esophagus
50
hemorrhoids
swollen varicose veins in the anorectal region categorized as external or internal
51
intestinal obstruction
mechanical or functional blockage of the intestines that occurs when the contents of the intestine cannot move forward through the intestinal tract because of a partial or complete blockage of the bowel.
52
irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
symptom complex marked by abdominal pain and altered bowel function (typically constipation, diarrhea, or alternating constipation and diarrhea) for which no organic cause can be determined; also called spastic colon
53
malabsorption syndrome
symptom complex of the small intestine characterized by the impaired passage of nutrients, minerals, or fluids through intestinal villi into the blood or lymph
54
melena
dark, tarlike feces that contain digested blood from bleeding in the esophagus or stomach
55
obesity
excessive accumulation of fat
56
morbid
obesity in which body mass index is greater than 40
57
obstipation
severe constipation, which may be caused by an intestinal obstruction
58
oral leukoplakia
formation of white spots or patches on the mucous membrane of the tongue, lips, or cheek caused primarily by irritation
59
pancreatitis
inflammation of the pancreas
60
pyloric stenosis
stricture or narrowing of the pyloric sphincter at the outlet of the stomach, causing an obstruction that blocks the flow of food into the small intestine.
61
regurgitation
a backward flow, as in the return of solids or fluids to the mouth from the stomach
62
ulcerative colitis
chronic inflammatory disease of the colon, commonly beginning in the rectum or sigmoid colon and extending upward into the entire colon.
63
abnormal breath sounds
abnormal sounds or noises heard over the lungs and airways
64
crackle
intermittent sounds caused by exudates, spasms, hyperplasia, or when air enters moisture-filled alveoli; rale
65
rhonchus
continuous sound heard during inspiration and expiration caused by secretions in the larger airways and commonly resembling snoring
66
stridor
high-pitched, harsh sound caused by a spasm or swelling of the larynx or an obstruction in the upper airway
67
wheeze
whistling or sighing that results from narrowing of the lumen of the respiratory passageway
68
acidosis
excessive acidity of body fluids
69
anosmia
absence of the sense of smell
70
apnea
disorder in which breathing stops repeatedly during sleep, resulting in blood deoxygenation, causing patient to awaken, gasping for air; sleep apnea
71
atelectasis
collapsed or airless state of the lung
72
coryza
acute inflammation of the membranes of the nose; rhinitis
73
croup
common childhood condition involving inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchial passages and sometimes involving the lungs
74
cystic fibrosis (CF)
life threatening genetic disease causing mucus to become unusually thick and sticky, plugging tubes and ducts, especially in the lungs and pancreas
75
deviated nasal septum
displacement of the cartilage dividing the nostrils that causes reduced airflow and sometimes causes nosebleed.
76
epiglottitis
severe, life-threatening infection of the epiglottis and supraglottic structures that occurs most commonly in children between 2-12 years old
77
epistaxis
nasal hemorrhage, nosebleed
78
hypoxemia
oxygen deficiency in arterial blood, sign of respiratory impairment and commonly causes hypoxia
79
hypoxia
oxygen deficiency in the body or a region of the body that commonly causes cyanosis
80
influenza
acute, contagious viral disorder of the respiratory tract, characterized by weakness, fever, chills, and muscle pain, especially in back, arms, and legs, flu.
81
pertussis
acute, infectious disease characterized by a cough that has a characteristic "whoop" sound; whooping cough
82
pleural effusion
accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity that impairs breathing by limiting the expansion of the lungs
83
empyema
exudative effusion characterized by collection of pus in the pleural cavity, commonly as a result of bacterial pneumonia that spreads from the lungs.
84
pneumothorax
presence of air in the pleural cavity, commonly caused by a blunt or penetrating chest injury or as the result of a thoracic surgery
85
pleurisy
inflammation of the pleural membrane characterized by a stabbing pain that is intensified by coughing or deep breathing; pleuritis
86
pulmonary edema
accumulation of extravascular fluid in lung tissues and alveoli, most commonly caused by heart failure.
87
pulmonary embolism
blockage in an artery of the lungs caused by a mass of undissolved matter (such as a blood clot) that has traveled to the lungs from another part of the body.
88
sudden infant death syndrome SIDS
completely unexpected and unexplained death of an apparently normal, healthy infant, usually less than age 12 months; also called crib death
89
tuberculosis (TB)
potentially fatal contagious disease spread through respiratory droplets, affecting any organ of the body bur primarily the lungs and causing chest pain, hemoptysis, weight loss, fatigue, and night sweats

Medical Terminology (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions