Diseases List Flashcards
(35 cards)
1
Q
AIDS
HIV
A
- RNA (retrovirus)
- lysogeny
- gp120 attach to CD4+
- vacc: NONE, but ideally.. inihibitors of..
- reverse transcriptase
- protease
- integrase
- infect as “dsDNA provirus” (lysogeny)
- risk: pregnant patients
2
Q
Zika
Zika virus
A
- pregnancy risk
- low mortality
- trans: mosquitos (aedes aegypti); STD; parenteral
- vacc: NONE
- microcephaly; Barre
3
Q
Polio
poliomyelitis
A
- enterovirus
- trans: fecal-oral
- viremia, sore throat
- next to eradiacte
4
Q
Mumps
Mumps virus
A
- target: lymphocytes
- orchitis (testes)
- meningitis
- swelling glands
5
Q
Mono/Epstein-Barre
HSV-4
A
- Viral hepatitis
- Burkitt’s Lymphoma
- enlarged lymph node/spleen
6
Q
Coccidiodomycosis/Valley Fever
C. arthroconodia
A
- airborne/systemic mycosis
- dimorphic
- inhalation of dust
7
Q
Pneumocystis
P. jiroveci
A
- risk: immunocompromised patients
- opportunistic
8
Q
Aspergillosis
A. fumigatus
A
- opportunistic
- risk: HIV patients
- lungs fill w/myecelia => Pulmonary Infection
9
Q
Kaposi’s Sarcoma
HHV-8
A
- oncogenic
- risk: immunocompromised patients
10
Q
Measles
A
- respiratory droplet
- Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis
- CNS degeneration
11
Q
Trypanosomes
Chagas’/African Sleeping Sickness
A
- “true” protists
- flagellated
- vacc: NONE
- antigenic shift: accumulate mutations, change protein
- cysts
T. cruzi (Chagas’)
- kissing bug/triatome bug
T. gambiense/rhodesiense (ASS)
- tsetse flies
12
Q
Candidiasis
C. albicans
A
- normal flora!
- dimorphic
- opportunistic
- risk: children; brushing mouth
13
Q
Giardia
G. intestinalis
A
- flagellated
- ingestion
- diarrhea
- attach to intestinal epithelium
- interfere w/nutrient absorption => malnutrition
14
Q
Chickenpox/Shingles
HSV-3
A
- droplet inhalation
- Chickenpox: conjunctiva, resp. mucous (Chickenpox)
- Shingles - latent stage, contagious
15
Q
Toxoplasmosis
T. gondii
A
- cyst forming
- trans: fecal-oral, STD
- oocyst in feces
- ingestion
- risk: pregnancy, AIDS patients
16
Q
CJD/Kuru
A
- cause of infection: proteins
- NO nucleic acids
- canabolism
- sporadic stage (85%)
- Eating cow meat infected w/Mad Cow => vCJD
- vCJD (progressive dementia, speech abnormality)
17
Q
Cyclospora
C. cayentanesis
A
- ingestion
- diarrhea
18
Q
Cryptococcosis
C. parvum
A
- airborne/systemic mycoses
- inhale pigeon droppings
- risk: pneumonia; HIV patients
19
Q
Leishmaniasis
L. donovani
A
- sandflies
- slow-healing ulcers
- lifetime immunity
20
Q
Keratitis
acanthameoba
A
- water borne (tap water)
- diarrhea
21
Q
Tineas
A
- cutaneous mycosis
- direct contact
- T. capitis (hair)
- T. pedis (Athlete’s foot)
- T. unguium (nailbed)
- T. cruris (Jock itch)
22
Q
Rubella
German measles virus
A
- risk: pregnant patients
- respiratory droplets
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome
23
Q
Ebola
A
- trans: direct contact
- high mortality (80%)
24
Q
HSV-1/HSV-2
A
- DNA
HSV-1 (Cold Sore)
HSV-2 (Genital Herpes)
- risk: pregnant patients
25
Cryptospordium
- spore-forming
- ingestion
- diarrhea
26
Influenza
- risk: pregnant patients
- antigenic drift (small change/epidemic; big/pandemic)
- antigenic shift - develop new strains
27
Histoplasmosis
| H. capsulatum
- airborne/systemic mycoses
| - inhalation of bird droppings from soil/dust
28
Entameoba histolytica
- ingestion
- flagellated
- dysentery/diarrhea
29
Cytomegalo
| HSV-5
- risk: pregnancy
- asymptomatic (mostly)
- viral hepatitis
30
Hepatitis (A-E)
HCV!!!!
- oncogenic
- liver transplant
- trans: STD, blood, parenteral, organ transplant
- vacc: NONE
- Cirrhosis!!!
31
Microspordia
- risk: HIV patients
- highly resistant - extrude polar (inject & multiply)
- opportunistic
32
Malaria
| plasmodium
- vector-borne (arthropods)
- mosquitos (anopheles)
- spore-forming
- NOTE: merozoites (liver) infect blood
33
Blastomycosis
| B. dermatitidis
- airborne/systemic mycosis
- airborne
- dimorphic
- inhalation; can spread to skin
34
Genital Warts
| HPV
- oncogenic
| - STD
35
Trichomoniasis
| T. vaginalis
- flagellated
- trans: STD
- symptomatic (women)
