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Opthalmology > Diseases of the Eye > Flashcards

Diseases of the Eye Flashcards

0
Q

Entropion

A

Lid

Inward turning of the upper or lower eyelid so that the lid margin rests against and rubs the eyeball

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1
Q

Dermatochalasis

A

Lid

Excess eyelid skin

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2
Q

Ectropion

A

Lid

Outward turning of the upper or lower eyelid so that the lid margin does not rest against the eyeball

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3
Q

Chalazion

A

Lid

Inflamed lump in a meibomian gland

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4
Q

Trichiasis

A

Lid

Misdirected upper or lower eyelashes that turn inward toward the eyeball

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5
Q

Pinguecula

A

Conj/Sclera

Yellowish-brown subconjunctival elevation composed of degenerated elastic tissue

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6
Q

Keratoconus

A

Cornea
Hereditary degenerative corneal disease affecting vision, characterized by generalized thinning and cone-shaped protrusion of the central cornea

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7
Q

Blepharitis

A

Lid

inflammation of the eyelids, usually with redness, swelling, and itchy scaly skin

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8
Q

PCO

A

Lens
Posterior capsular opacification
delayed clouding of the rear lens capsule after cataract surgery

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9
Q

3 types of cataract

A

Nuclear (Senile)
Cortical
PSC

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10
Q

Choroidal nevus

A

Periphery

benign pigmented lesion in the choroid

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11
Q

CME

A

Macula
Cystoid Macular Edema
Retinal swelling and cyst formation in the macular area

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12
Q

ERM

A

Macula
Epiretinal Membrane
Macular pucker
retinal wrinkling in the macular area resulting in distorted vision

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13
Q

PVD

A

Vitreous
Posterior vitreous detachment
Separation of the vitreous gel from the retinal surface

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14
Q

Retinopathy

A

Any non-inflammatory degenerative disease of the retina

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15
Q

Nystagmus

A

Involuntary Rhythmic side to side or up and down eye movements that are faster in one direction than the other

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15
Q

Phthisis

A

diseased or damaged eye that has shrunk and lost its function

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15
Q

Exotropia

A

Eye misalignment where one eye deviates outward while the other stays fixated normally

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15
Q

Esotropia

A

Eye misalignment where one eye deviates inward while the other stays fixated normally

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15
Q

Exophoria

A

Tendency toward outward deviation of one eye when a cover is placed over it. The eye straightens to align with the other eye when the cover is removed

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16
Q

Esophoria

A

Tendency toward inward deviation of one eye when a cover is place over it. The eye straightens to align with the other eye when the cover is removed

17
Q

Epiphora

A

Overflow of tears down the cheek caused by a defect in the tear drainage system, an excessive amount of tears, or by an ectropion of the lower eyelid

18
Q

Meibomian Glandular Dysfunction (MGD)

A

When the glands secrete a thick, waxy sebum and allows tears to evaporate too quickly, causing dry eyes

19
Q

Arcus

A

Cornea

a grey or white arc on the upper rim of the cornea cause by lipid deposits

20
Q

DSEK

A

cornea
Descemets Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty
a type of corneal transplant that involves removing only the damaged layer of the cornea and replacing it with a fresh layer from a split donor cornea

21
Q

Guttata

A

cornea

collagen deposits that appear after the loss of corneal endothelial cells

22
Q

Keratoconus

A

Cornea
hereditary degenerative corneal disease affecting vision, characterized by generalized thinning and cone-shaped protrusion of the central cornea

23
Q

Keratoplasty

A

corneal transplant procedure

24
Q

Krukenburg spindles

A

Cornea

a specific pattern formed by pigmented iris cells that are deposited on the corneal surface

25
Q

MDF

A

Cornea
map dot fingerprint dystrophy
irregular corneal surface caused by high IOPs or prior damage to the cornea

26
Q

PRK

A

Cornea
Photorefractive Keratectomy
a common refractive surgery that uses a laser to remove the entire epithelial layer of the cornea and then reshapes the cornea

27
Q

Pterygium

A

cornea
abnormal wedge shaped growth on the conjunctiva which may gradually advance onto the cornea, usually related to damage from the sun

28
Q

SPK

A

Cornea
Superficial punctate keratitis
corneal inflammation with scattered punctate corneal epithelial damage or loss

29
Q

Hyphema

A

AC

blood in the anterior chamber

30
Q

Synechiae

A

AC

adhesions that bind the iris to adjacent structures

31
Q

Uveitis

A

AC

inflammation of any of the structures of the uvea (iris, ciliary body, choroid)

32
Q

Drusen

A

Macula

yellow or white accumulations of extracellular material

33
Q

Amblyopia

A

decreased vision in one or both eyes without detectable anatomic damage to the retina or visual pathways

34
Q

Lattice

A

Periphery

peripheral retina become atrophic in a lattice

35
Q

PI Patent

A

Iris
A procedure with a laser to treat glaucoma by putting small incisions that allow aqueous humor to flow from posterior chamber to anterior chamber to relieve pressure

36
Q

Scant Tear Film

A

Cornea

Dry eyes

37
Q

cells

A

AC

inflammatory cells present in eye

38
Q

Injection

A

Conj/Sclera

retinal injections

39
Q

Floaters

A

Vitreous

Dense spots of vitreous that can be seen by pt as dark spots in vision

40
Q

Scleral Buckle

A

Periphery

retinal detachment surgery

41
Q

RPE

A

Macula
Retinal Pigment Epithelium
Thicker than normal retinal layer

42
Q

DBH

A

Macula or Periphery
Dot and Blot Heme
microaneurysms in retina

43
Q

Venous tortuosity

A

Vessels

44
Q

PRP

A

Periphery
Pan retinal photocoagulation
A procedure where a laser is used to make tiny burns that seal the retina and stop vessels from growing and leaking

45
Q

Hordeolum

A

Stye

46
Q

4 stages of Diabetic Retinopathy

A

1.
2.
3.
4.

Opthalmology (3 decks)

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