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Respiratory Disorders 1 > Disorder of URT > Flashcards

Disorder of URT Flashcards

1
Q

Deviated Septum
S/S
Etiology

A

Broken nose: protrudes more to one side of nasal passage
S/S: post nasal discharge, sinusitis, facial pain, deformity, nose bleeds
Et: trauma, congenital

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2
Q

Septoplasty

A

deviation reconstruction & alignment with minimal cartilage and bone removal

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3
Q

Submucosal Resection

A

Removal of deviated section of cartilage and bone

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4
Q

Pre-op interventions

A

Avoid aspirin or NSAIDS two weeks prior; inform of swelling & discomfort post-op

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5
Q

Post-op assessment

A

AIRWAY, HOB 45°, mouth breathing; bleeding-ice pack 24 hrs, no blowing nose, avoid swimming, smoking, nasal sprays, no lifting(straining)

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6
Q

Epistaxis

A

nosebleed

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7
Q

Anterior epistaxis occurs in

A

children, young adults

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8
Q

Posterior epistaxis occurs in and it is an _____!!!

A

older adults EMERGENCY

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9
Q

Epistaxis caused by:

A

trauma, foreign bodies, chronic infections, nasal spray abuse, street drugs, anatomic malformation, allergic rhinitis, tumors

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10
Q

Therapeutic Management of epistaxis

A

Keep pt quiet, pressure, sit and lean forward, breath through mouth, and pinch nostrils. apply ice, cauterization

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11
Q

management of nasal packing:

A

check position of packing, bed rest, assess respiratory distress, liquid diet, ↑ mouth care, monitor for infection.

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12
Q

Complications of nasal packing:

A

1)septal hematoma- from trauma, 2)septal pressure necrosis- from being too tight and 3)sinusitis 4)toxic shock syndrome

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13
Q

If packing fails to stop bleeding?

A

surgery

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14
Q

Discharge instructions for packing:

A

avoid vigorous nose blowing, sneeze with mouth open, lifting, straining (4-6 weeks), NSAIDS

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15
Q

Acute viral rhinitis

A

acute coryza or common cold: inflammation of nasal mucosa

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16
Q

Most common symptom of cold:

A

cough

17
Q

Colds are caused by _______:

A

Viruses

18
Q

Colds are spread by:

A

droplet-breathing(talking sneezing coughing)
hand to mouth, nose or eyes
winter months spent inside

19
Q

Patho of acute viral rhinitis

A

virus causes mucous membranes to swell and become congested

20
Q

S/S of acute viral rhinitis

A

COUGH, tickling, irritation, sneezing, dry nasopharynx, nasal secretions, nasal obstruction, watery eyes, ↑ temp, genreal malaise, and headache

21
Q

Treatment for acute viral rhinitis

A

no cure, salt water gargle, antihistamine, 2-4 L fluids/day, rest, proper nutrition

22
Q

Allergic Rhinitis

A

reaction of nasal mucosa to allergen

23
Q

Seasonal allergic rhinitis

A

same time each year

24
Q

Chronic Allergic Rhinitis

Tx:

A

-intermittent, no seasonal pattern
-exposure to dust, dander etc
Tx:antihistamines

25
Q

Influenza caused by:
Etiology:
S/S

A

VIRUS
Et: direct or indirect droplet contact
S/S: abrupt onset of respiratory symptoms, nasal discharge, SOB

26
Q

Flu medications

A

-Rimantadine(Flumadine) or Amantadine(Symmetrel)-prevents or reduces symptoms in high risk its exposed to flu but not vaccinated
Zanamivir(Relenza) or Oseltamivir(Tamiflu)-prevents virus budding & spreading to other cells
Given 2 days after symptoms develop
Shown to reduce symptoms & severity of flu

27
Q 
Sinusitis
Etiology:
S/S:
Diagnostics
Tx:
A

-Infection of mucous membranes of one of the paranasal sinuses
-Et:Blockage of sinus drainage occurs, rich medium for bacteria
MAXILLARY SINUS MOST FREQUENTLY AFFECTED-largest ad easiest to treat
can cause brain and ear infections when frontal sinus affected
S/S: nasal blockage, stuffiness, purulent discharge, slight temperature increase, pressure and pain over involved area. Malaise, lack of appetite, nausea, cough sore throat, orbital edema, headache
Diagnostics: sinus x-ray, CT scan
Tx:Pain relief, HOB up, control infection

28
Q

Antitussive

A

good for a dry hacking cough
non-narcotic(Benylin DM, Novahistine)
Adverse Rx: dixxiness, drowsiness, GI upset

29
Q

Narcotics

A

(Codene)
Supress cough reflex, direct depressant effect on cough center in medulla, symptom relief of non-productive cough
Common sx: sedation, dizziness, nausea, dry mouth, constipation

30
Q

Expectorants

Meds:

A
  • Facilitate removal of secretions of bronchopulmonary mucous membranes
  • Guaifenesin(Mucinex), Robotussin, Organidin
  • Terpin Hydrate:decreases phlegm adhesiveness
31
Q

Nasal Decongestants

A

Relieves nasal congestion & cold symptoms, direct vasoconstrictive action on arterioles in nasal mucosa
CAN BE ADDICTIVE

32
Q

Antihistamines

Meds:

A

Relieve allergic response symptoms of sneezing, congestions, secretions.
-Tavist, Benedryl, Chlor-Trimeton

33
Q

Polyps

S/S

A

Benign mucous membrane masses. From slowly in response to repeated inflammation of sinus or nasal mucosa
-Bluish glossy projections in nares
S/S: nasal obstruction, clear discharge, speech distortion

Respiratory Disorders 1 (4 decks)

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