Disorders of the Cervix Flashcards
What is one of the three major causes of gynecological cancer?
cervial cancer
What is the most common type of cervical cancer?
squamous cell carcinoma
Major risk factors for cervical cancer
young age at first intercourse multiple sex partners smoking HPV infection with high risk strains other STDs
How does a patient present with cervical cancer?
Presents with early lesions, assymptomatic with possible signs of post-coital bleeding, vaginal dischage and pain
How do you diagnose cervical cancer?
cytology and biopsy
What are preventative measures for cervical cancer?
safe sexual practices
cervical cytology
HPV vaccine
What is the method of cervical cytology?
Pap smear: spatula/cytobrush for a sample that is then placed in a liquid medium (can also be placed on a glass slide)
When do you begin cervical cytology?
at the age of 21 regardless of age at onset of coitus
Frequency of screening?
as a routine every third year between ages of 21-29 (screen only with cytology - not with HPV co-test
after 30 every 5 years with HPV co-test (if 3 successive negative smears); also can do with cytology alone every 3 years
more frequently in patients at risk for persistent or recurrent dysplasia
Indications for discontinuation of screening
patient has had a hysterectomy for benign indications and has no history of high grade cytological abnormalities
patient is over 65 and has had 3 negative tests in a row, with no history of cytological abnormalities in the last 20 years
What do you do if the patients cytological results come back: satisfactory-negative?
rescreen at appropriate interval
What do you do if the patients cytological results come back: ASC-US, Low risk HPV?
Rescreen at appropriate interval
What do you do if the patients cytological results come back: ASC-US, High risk HPV?
Colposcopy and biopsy
What do you do if the patients cytological results come back: LSIL or HSIL?
Colposcopy and biopsy
What type of vaccine is the HPV vaccine?
Quadrivalent
