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MGA Exam 2 > Dissection Questions > Flashcards

Dissection Questions Flashcards

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1
Q

Blood supply/innervation of visceral vs. parietal peritoneum

A

Parietal is surved by the same blood and lymphatic vascularture and the same somatic nerve supply as is the region of the wall it lines

Visceral is served by the same blood and lyphatic vasculature and viscearl nerve supply as the organ it covers

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2
Q

How is the peritoneum formed embryologically?

A

It is formed from meoserm that lined the embryonic body cavity

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3
Q

What is a mesentary and what is it composed of?

A

A double layer of peritoneum that occurs as a result of the invagination of the peritoneum by an organ and constitutes a continuity of the visceral and parietal peritoneum. Provides means for neurovascular communication between organ and body wall

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4
Q

What does the mesentary connect?

A

An intraperitoneal organ to the body wall

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5
Q

What is fusion fascia?

A

Layers of peritoneum that fused for those secondarily retroperitoneal organs now form the fusion fascia = a connective tissue plane in which nerves and vessels lie

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6
Q

What are the peritoneal ligaments of the liver?

A

Falciform

Hepatogastric

Hepatoduodenal

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7
Q

What are the peritoneal ligaments of the stomach?

A

Gastrophrenic

Gastrosplenic

Gastrocolic

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8
Q

What structure divides the abdominal cavity into a supracolic and infracolic compartment

A

Transverse colon

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9
Q

What is found in the supracolic compartment

A

Stomach

Liver

Spleen

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10
Q

What is found in the infracolic compartment

A

Small intestine and ascending and descending colon

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11
Q

What structure divides the abdominal cavity into the right and left infracolic spaces

A

Mesentery of the small intestine

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12
Q

The omental bursa is also known as

A

The lesser sac

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13
Q

What are the 2 recesses of the omental bursa?

A

Superior and inferior

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14
Q

The omental foramen is also known as

A

The epiploic foramen of Winslow

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15
Q

What are the boundaries of the omental foramen?

A

Anterior: hepatoduodenal ligament

Posterior: IVC and a muscular band and the right crus of the diaphgram

Superior: the liver

Inferior: 1st part of the duodenum

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16
Q

What does the hepatogastic ligament contain?

A

The right and left gastric vessels

Branches of the vagus

Lymph nodes

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17
Q

What does the hepatoduodenal ligament contain?

A

Portal triad

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18
Q

What are the parts of the duodenum and which are intraperitoneal and retroperiotneal?

A

Superior: intraperitoneal

Remainder are all retroperitoneal
Descending, Inferior, and Ascending

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19
Q

What is the suspensory ligament of the duodenum?

A

Ligament of Treitz

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20
Q

Why is the ligament of Treitz important?

A

It holds the duodenum in place and widens the duodenaljejunal flexture –> movement of intestinal contents

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21
Q

What is the duodenal ampulla and why is it important?

A

It is the free part of the duodenum (superior) and has an appearance distinct from the remainder of the duodenum when observed radiographically

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22
Q

What is the hepatopancreatic ampulla of Vater?

A

It is the junction of the common bile duct with the major pancreatic duct

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23
Q

Where is the hepatopancreatic ampulla of Vater located?

A

Posteriomedially on the descending duodenum

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24
Q

What is the significance of the hepatopancreatic ampulla of Vater?

A

It connects to the common bile duct which releases bile into our small intestine

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25
What is the hepatopancreatic sphincter of Oddi?
It is the sphincter aound the ampulla of Vater.
26
What is the significance of the hepatopancreatic sphincted of Oddi?
It is important in controlling the release of bile and pancreatic juices into the small intestine
27
What are the splenic ligaments?
Gastrosplenic ligament Splenorenal ligament
28
Gastrosplenic ligament contains
Short gastric and left gastro-omental vessels
29
Splenorenal ligament contains
Spenic arteries and veins Tail of the pancreas
30
What are the borders of the spleen?
Stomach is anterior Left part of diaphragm is posterior Left colic flexture is inferior Left kidney is medial
31
What ribs are closely associated with the speeln
8-11
32
What is the name of the suspensory ligament of the duodenum?
Ligament of Treitz
33
What portions of the duodenum are retroperitoneal?
Parts 2-4 (descending, inferior, and ascending)
34
What portions of the duodenum are intraperitoneal?
1st part
35
Is the jejunum intraperitoneal or secondary retroperitoneal?
Intraperitoneal
36
Difference between jejunum and ileum
Jejunum is larger, thicker, longer vasa recta, fewer arcades, less fat
37
What is the blood supply to the jejunum
Jejunal arteries (come off SMA)
38
Is the ileum intraperitoneal or secondarily retroperitoneal?
Intraperitoenal
39
What is the blood supply to the ileum?
Iieal aretries (come off SMA)
40
Where is the root of the mesentery located?
Starts at the duodo-jejunal junction on the left side of L2 Spans from LUQ to RLQ Ends at the ileocecal junction
41
What is the ileocecal valve?
Valve inside of the cecum where the ileum meets it
42
What is the significance of the ileocecal valve?
Important in preventing backflow
43
Does the cecum have a mesentary?
No
44
Where are the teniae coli located?
3 longitudial bands along the colon
45
What are the haustra?
Sacculations of the wall of hte colon between the teniae
46
What is the blood supply to the cecum?
Ileocolic from the SMA
47
What is the blood supply to the appendix
SMA --> ileocolic --> appendicular artery
48
Is the ascending colon intraperitoneal or secondary retroperitoneal?
Secondarily retroperitoneal
49
What is the blood supply to the ascending colon?
SMA --> Right colic artery
50
Where does the ascending colon begin and end?
Starts at the cecum and goes to the right colic flexture/hepatic flexure (near the right lobe of the liver)
51
Is the transverse colon intraperitoneal or secondarly retroperitoneal
Intraperitoneal
52
What is the blood supply to the transverse colon
Middle colic (sometimes right and left colic) (SMA --> middle colic or right colic) (IMA --> left colic)
53
Where does the transverse colon begin and end
Begins at the right colic (hepatic) flexure and ends at the left colic (splenic flexture)
54
What is the marginal artery (juxtacolic artery)?
Continuous arterial channel along the colon Important for anastomoses
55
Is the descending colon intraperitoneal or secondary retroperitoneal?
Secondary retroperitoneal
56
What is the blood supply to the descending colon
IMA --> left colic artery
57
Where does the descending colon begin?
Left colic (splenic) flexture to sigmoid colon
58
Is the sigmoid colon intraperitoneal or secondary retroperitoneal?
Intraperitoneal
59
What is the blood supply of the sigmoid colon?
IMA --> sigmoid artery
60
What is the blood supply to the rectum?
IMA --> superior rectal artery
61
What are the differences in the anal membrane above and below the pectinate line?
Above: sensitive to stretch Below: sensitive to pain
62
What is the relationship of the SMA to the duodenum and pancreas
SMA branches off the aorta above the 3rd part of the duodenum and behind the neck of the pancreas
63
What are the branches of the SMA?
Inferior pancreatic artery Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery Jejunal Ileal Middle colic Right colic Ileocolic
64
Which part of the gut is supplied by the SMA
Midgut
65
What does the SMV join to form the portal vein?
Splenic artery
66
Where does the IMA arise from?
Below the 3rd part of the duodenum
67
What are the branches of the IMA?
Left colic Sigmoid Superior rectal
68
What part of the gut is supplied by the IMA
Hindgut

MGA Exam 2 (14 decks)

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