Distillation

Question 1

Simple distillation

Question 2

What is simple distillation used for?

Answer 2

Separating out a liquid from a solution

Question 3

1

Answer 3

The solution is heated and the part of it that has the lowest b.p. evaporated first.

Question 4

2

Answer 4

The vapour is then cooled and condenses in the condenser and is collected in a beaker. But, the rest of the solution is left behind in the flask.

Question 5

What is the problem with simple distillation?

Answer 5

You can only use it to separate things with very different boiling points. Or else the substances will end up mixing again.

Question 6

Fractional distillation

Question 7

Equipment

Answer 7

. crude oil substitute
.fractionating column filled with glass rods
.thermometer
.condenser
.test tube fractions

Question 8

A

Answer 8

Put the mixture in a flask and stick a fractionating column on top, then heat it.

Question 9

B

Answer 9

The different liquids will all have different boiling points - so they’ll evaporate at different temperatures

Question 10

C

Answer 10

They evaporate in order of lowest to highest b.p. (when the temp on the thermometer matches it’s boiling point - it’ll reach the top of the column)

Question 11

D

Answer 11

If liquids with higher boiling points evaporate, they’ll only get part of the way up before condensing and running back down toward the flask due to the column being cooler toward the top.

Question 12

E

Answer 12

When the 1st liquid has been collected, you raise the temp until the next one reaches the top