disturbances in Rhythm

Question 1

indications for ordering an ECG

Answer 1

1. To determine cardiac rate
2. define cardiac rhythm
3. To diagnose old or new (MI)
4. To identify conduction disturbances
5. To aid in the diagnosis of heart diseases

Question 2

3 reasons for using an ECG

Answer 2

detection of ischemia
arrhythmia
hypertrophy

Question 3

rhythm is used to refer to what

Answer 3

part of the heart which controls activation sequence

Question 4

12 lead ECG system includes

Answer 4

3 Bipolar leads
3 modified unipolar leads
6 precordial leads

Question 5

why is there no unipolar lead for the right foot

Answer 5

it fxns as a ground lead

Question 6

the 6 precordial leads are used to record

Answer 6

horizontal impulses

Question 7

v4R is the most useful lead in recording a

Answer 7

R-sided ECG

Question 8

15 lead ecg system is used in

Answer 8

pedia patients

Question 9

Additional right precordial leads can be used to assess right ventricular abnormalities such as

Answer 9

hypertrophy and infarction

Question 10

Electrode locations posterior to V6 can be used to help detect what

Answer 10

acute postero-lateral infarction

Question 11

important in determination of the type of MI

Answer 11

ST-T wave

Question 12

duration of ventricular depolarization and repolarization

Answer 12

QT interval

Question 13

rate of atrial or sinus cycle

Answer 13

PP interval

Question 14

rate of ventricular cycle

Answer 14

RR interval

Question 15

Duration of P wave

Answer 15

<120 ms

Question 16

duration of PR interval

Answer 16

120-220 ms

Question 17

duration of QRS complex

Answer 17

<110-120

Question 18

duration of corrected QT interval

Answer 18

440 - 460

Question 19

PR interval is important in determining the presence of

Answer 19

1st deg AV block

Question 20

Prolonged QT interval may mean

Answer 20

underlying malignancy

Question 21

T wave represents what?

Answer 21

repolarization of ventricles

Question 22

how do you monitor atrial repolarization?

Answer 22

electrophysiologic testing

Question 23

Left axis deviation is seen in

Answer 23

LVH

Question 24

what is cardiac axis

Answer 24

average direction of spread of the depolarization wave thru the ventricles

Question 25

Direction of the axis can be derived most easily from

Answer 25

QRS complex in leads I-III

Question 26

in px w/ 3rd deg AV block the firing of the electrical conduction comes from the

Answer 26

myocardium

Question 27

medical procedure by which a tachycardic heart or an arrhythmic one is converted to a state of having normal heart rhythm through the use of electrical impulses or drugs.

Answer 27

cardioversion

Question 28

RR>100bpm P wave is present before each QRS and all P waves are identical PR interval =0.12-0.2 what is this

Answer 28

sinus tachycardia

Question 29

sinus arrhythmia in the elderly could signify the presence of

Answer 29

sinus node dysfunction

Question 30

An irregularly irregular sinus arrhythmia could indicate

Answer 30

atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter.

Question 31

picket fence or saw toothed appearance

Answer 31

atrial flutter

Question 32

absence of discernible P wave

Answer 32

A-Fib

Question 33

most common causes of cardiac stroke in the elderly

Answer 33

A flutter and A fib

Question 34

in this rhythm P wave is either inverted absent or after QRS

Answer 34

Junctional rhythm

Question 35

in this rhythm there is a prematurely occuring QRS complex that is wide and bizarre looking

Answer 35

PVC

Question 36

series of PVC

Answer 36

v-tach

Question 37

why v-tach is not compatible with life

Answer 37

severe amt of v contractions does not allow enough time to fill the v which will lead to cardiac standstill, sudden death is common

Question 38

2 most common dysrhythmia occuring in the 1st hr of MI that could cause death

Answer 38

v tach and v fib

Question 39

absenece of any discernible wave form

Answer 39

v-fib

Question 40

There is extreme sinus bradycardia with irregular idioventricular rhythm and occasional atrial activity.

Answer 40

agonal rhythm

Question 41

flat line

Answer 41

asystole (ventricular standstill)

Question 42

this is usu 2ndary to epi or norepi overdose

Answer 42

accelerated idioventricular rhythm

Question 43

describe a sinoatrial escape

Answer 43

There are the same PQRS complexes but with an atrial escape rhythm.There are the same PQRS complexes but with an atrial escape rhythm

Question 44

There is progressive prolongation of the P-R interval with each succeeding beat until one P wave occurs without a QRS, that is to say a dropped beat.

Answer 44

2nd degree AV block type 1 wenkebach

Question 45

There is a dropped beat without prolongation of the P-R interval

Answer 45

type 2 2nd deg AV block

Question 46

2nd deg AV block is usu due to a block in

Answer 46

AV bundle on the tricuspid

Question 47

where is the block if vent rate is around 60 and a narrowed QRS complex (3rd deg AVB)

Answer 47

above the bundle of His

Question 48

Vent rate and QRS in Infrahisian type AVB

Answer 48

V rate is around 40 and wide QRS