diversity Flashcards
(23 cards)
what are elements
element is a pure chemical substance that cannot be broken down into 2 or more simpler substances by chemical means
what is the difference between a monatomic gas and a diatomic gas
a monatomic gas is a gas that can exist on its own, as one particle. however, a diatomic gas exists as 2 particles, eg o2.
what type of atoms are in group 17
halogens
what type of metals are in group 1
alkali metals
what type of gases are in group 18
noble gases
what can i say about the aroms in the same grou
all atoms in the same group have SIMILAR chemical properties
what are some characteristics of a metal
metals are strong, shiny, ductile, hard, high density, solid and good conductors of heat and electricity
what is a compound
a compound is a pure chemical substance formed when two or more elements are chemically combined in a fixed ratio to forma new product.
what are some characteristics of a compound
a compound is made of two or more substances thru chemical processes. the compound has a different and new set of properties from its original elements.
what are mixtures
mixtures are impure substances made of two or more components that are mixed TGT, in a random ratio.
what are some characteristics of a mixture?
a mixture can be separated by physical means. it is impure, therefore it will boil and melt over a range of temperatures. the mixture has the properties of its components and has no definite formula. there are 2 types of mixtures, heterogeneous and homogenous
what is the difference between a solution and a suspension?
a solution is a solid that can be dissolved in its solvent, therefore the solution is transparent. a suspension is a solvent and an undissolvable solute. therefore the mixture is not transparent.
what is a heterogeneous mixture
it is the same as a suspension, it is a mixture in which inslouble particles are suspended in a liquid or gas.
what is a homogenous mixture
it is the sam3 as a solution, it is transparent and the solute can be dissolved.
what is solubility
it is the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a certain amount of solvent
what are the main factors affecting solubility
the nature of the solvent, meaning how many solvents. [100g/200g]
- the nature of the solute
- the temperature, higher temperature easier to dissolve a solid, lower temperature easier to dissolve gas
- the physical state of the solute [gas/ solid/ liquid]
what is the rate of dissolving
how fast a substance dissolves
what are the main factors affecting rate of dissolving
the size of the particles[ the surface area]
the amount of solute already dissolved
temperature
how can you tell the difference between an impure substnace and a pure substance
an impure substance will boil and melt over a range of temperatures, while a pure substnce will boil and meltr at a sharp temperature
what method should be used to separate a insoluble solid from a mixture
the filtration method
what is the solvent collected at the end of the expirement called
its called the filtrate
what method is used to separate a soluble solid from a mixture
the method is evaporation tro dryness, for heat stable.
for heat unstable solutes, use crystallisation
for liquid liwuid mixtures what method of separation is used
use fr
