Diversity Flashcards
(22 cards)
Early attachment patterns
Young children need to develop a relationship with at least one primary caregiver in order for their social and emotional development to occur normally. Without this attachment they will suffer serious physiological and social impairment.
During the first two years, how the parents or caregivers respond to their infants establish the types of patterns of attachment their children form. These patterns will go on to guide the child”s feeling, thoughts and expectations as an adult in the future.
Secure attachment
Ideally from time infants are six months to two years of age, they form an emotional attachment to an adult who is attuned to them, that is who is sensitive and responsive in their interactions with them. It is vital that this attachment figure remain a consistent caregiver throughout this period in a child’s life.
During the second year children begin to use the adult as a secure base from which to explore the world and become more independent. A child in this type of relationship is securely attached.
Avoidant attachment
There are adults who are emotionally unavailable and as a result they are insensitive to and unaware of the needs of their children. They have little or no response when a child is hurting or distressed. These parents discourage crying and encourage independence. Often their children quickly develop in little adults who take care of themselves. These children pull away from needing anything from anyone else and are self-contained. They have formed an avoidant attachment with a misattuned parent
Ambivalent/anxious attachment
Some adults are inconsistently attuned to their children. At times their response are appropriate and nurturing but at other times they are intrusive and insensitive children with this kind of parenting are confused and insecure not knowing what type of treatment to expect. They often feel suspicious and disrespectful of their parent but at the same time they act clingy and desperate. These children have an ambivalent/anxious attachment with their unpredictable parent
Disorganized attachment
When a parent or caregiver is abusive to a child, the child experiences the physical and emotional cruelty and frightening behavior as being life-threatening. This child is caught in a terrible dilemma: the child’s survival instincts are telling them to flee to safety but safety is the very person who is terrifying her. The attachment figure is the source of the child’s distress. In these situations, children typically disassociate from their selves. They detached from what is happening to them and what they are experiencing is blocked from their consciousness. Children in this conflicted state have disorganized attachment with their fearsome parental figures
The attachment bond shapes an infant’s brain.
For better or worse the infants brain is profoundly influenced by the attachment bond— a baby’s first live relationship. When they the primary caretaker can manage personal stress,calm the infant, communication through emotion share joy and forgive easily, the young child’s nervous system becomes securely attached. The strong foundation of a secure attachment bond enables the child to be self-confident,trusting,hopeful,and comfortable in the face of conflict. As an adult he or she will be flexible creative hopeful and optimistic
Our secure attachment bond shapes our abilities to
-feel safe
-develop meaningful connections with others
-explore our world
-deal with stress
-balanced emotions
-experience comfort and security
-make sense of our lives
-create positive memories and expectations of relationships
Insecure attachment affects adult relationships
Insecurity can be a significant problem in our lives, and it takes root when an infant’s attachment bond fails to provide the child with sufficient structure, recognition, understanding, safety and mutual accord. These insecurities may lead us to
Tune out and turn off
If our parent is unavailable and self-absorb we may as children get lost in our own inner world, avoiding any close emotional connections. As adults we may become physically and emotionally distant in relationships
Remain insecure
If we have a parent who is inconsistent or intrusive,it’s likely we will become anxious and fearful, never knowing what to expect. As adults we may be available one moment and rejecting the next
Become disorganized,aggressive and angry
When our early needs for emotional closeness go unfulfilled,or when a parent’s behavior is a source of disorientation or terror, problems are sure to follow. As adults we may not love easily and may be insensitive to the needs of our partner.
Develop slowly
Such delays manifest themselves as deficits and results in subsequent physical and mental health problems and social and learning disabilities
DSM core diagnosis
-ADHD
-ODD
-PTSD
-Depression/bipolar
-anxiety
-schizophrenia
-co-occurring disorders
Diagnosis tree
Diagnosis are like tree where the main diagnosis is at the base of the trunk and the branches are different symptoms of that diagnosis
The Disease Model
A problem-oriented approach concerned with identifying a problem or dysfunction and providing an intervention to cure the behavioral or physiological problem
-focus on curing
The Medical Model
A disease-based model focused on identifying a disease based on systems and then curing or alleviating the problem through scientific examination and intervention
-focused on maintaining
-the individual is the issue
-disability perspective viewed negatively
-the remedy is a cure or normalization of the individual by seek professional for help
Diagnosis client focus
On the symptoms not the label of diagnosis itself
Social model
The issue is an inaccessible world (outside)not the individual
Disability is difference
Example of chair with floaties for disable persons to be able to get into the water at the beach
What is the remedy for disabled
The remedy for disability related problems is a change in the interaction between the individual and society
Bio psychosocial model
Biomedical model has dominated since mid 20
Century illness is a result
Of biochemical treatments
Bio psychosocial model
Biomedical model has dominated since mid 20
Century illness is a result
Of biochemical treatments
