Diversity (Occupation) AI

Question 1

What is a discourse community?

Answer 1

A group of people engaged in similar activities who use language in distinct and identifiable ways

This definition emphasizes the shared goals and communication methods that characterize discourse communities.

Question 2

Who identified the characteristics of a discourse community?

Answer 2

John Swales

Swales outlined specific features such as shared goals, internal communication, and specialist vocabulary.

Question 3

What are the four key characteristics of a discourse community according to John Swales?

Answer 3

• Shared common goals
• Internal communication mechanisms
• Use of specialist vocabulary
• Required level of knowledge for participation

Question 4

What is the IRF structure in teacher discourse?

Answer 4

Initiation, Response, Evaluation/Feedback

This structure involves a teacher initiating a conversation, a student responding, and the teacher providing feedback.

Question 5

What is ‘revoicing’ in the context of teacher feedback?

Answer 5

Including a student’s response in subsequent discourse to highlight its importance and encourage participation

This technique draws attention to the student’s contribution and fosters engagement from others.

Question 6

What are the two types of power identified by Norman Fairclough?

Answer 6

• Instrumental Power
• Influential Power

Question 7

Define Instrumental Power.

Answer 7

Explicit and imposed by a higher authority with penalties for non-compliance

It often comes from institutions like the government or workplaces.

Question 8

Define Influential Power.

Answer 8

Attempts to change opinions and behaviors without imposing penalties

Commonly found in advertising and persuasive communication.

Question 9

What is jargon?

Answer 9

Specialist words or expressions used by a profession or group that are difficult for outsiders to understand.

Question 10

What are the benefits of using jargon?

Answer 10

• Enables precise communication among professionals
• Prevents misunderstandings
• Establishes bonds within a community

Question 11

What are the problems associated with jargon?

Answer 11

• Can confuse non-specialists
• May exclude the public
• Can create a false impression of authority

Question 12

What is the purpose of the Plain English Campaign?

Answer 12

To combat confusing jargon and promote clearer communication

It advises organizations on using plainer language and offers the Crystal Mark for approved documents.

Question 13

What changes have been made to legal language since 1999?

Answer 13

Some language in civil courts has been simplified for better understanding by non-specialists

This includes replacing complex legal terms with simpler alternatives.

Question 14

What is the role of phraseology in aviation English?

Answer 14

Codes used to increase efficiency in communication, requiring plain English in complex situations.

Question 15

What was a key finding from Kim and Elder’s research in aviation communication?

Answer 15

Miscommunication often arose from native speakers not adhering to phraseology and plain English conventions.

Question 16

What do Drew and Heritage identify as key differences between everyday conversation and talk at work?

Answer 16

Work-related language is often more specialized and structured.

Question 17

What concept do Holmes and Stubbe discuss regarding groups that engage regularly?

Answer 17

Communities of practice

These groups share a repertoire for effective communication, often using verbal shorthand.

Question 18

What does Bernard Spolsky claim about specialized jargon?

Answer 18

It establishes bonds between in-group members and enforces boundaries for outsiders.

Question 19

What is an example of a negative view towards jargon?

Answer 19

It can create barriers to understanding between specialists and non-specialists.

Question 20

Fill in the blank: The ‘Plain English Campaign’ was established in _______.

Answer 20

1979

Question 21

True or False: Jargon always enhances communication.

Answer 21

False

Question 22

What is ‘discourse’ in relation to language?

Answer 22

Ways of talking about language reflecting attitudes towards language concepts.

Question 23

What is a common attitude expressed towards jargon in professional contexts?

Answer 23

It is viewed as necessary for effective communication among professionals.

Question 24

What should a comparative paragraph include when discussing attitudes towards jargon?

Answer 24

• Comparative topic sentence
• Instances of comparative language
• Mention of discourse
• Link to a contextual factor
• Language features from each text

Question 25

What is a key characteristic of the discourse of primary school teaching?

Answer 25

Use of overt praise and politeness strategies.

Question 26

What is the main focus of Jane Doe's exploration in 'The Jargon Dilemma'?

Answer 26

The arguments for and against the use of jargon, including its benefits and drawbacks ## Footnote The exploration includes the impact of jargon on communication efficiency and accessibility.

Question 27

Define jargon in the context of language use.

Answer 27

Specialised vocabulary used within various fields and communities ## Footnote Jargon facilitates efficient communication among insiders.

Question 28

What is one benefit of using jargon?

Answer 28

Facilitates efficient communication among insiders ## Footnote Jargon allows for quick and precise exchanges of ideas within a specific group.

Question 29

What is a potential drawback of jargon according to the text?

Answer 29

It can act as a barrier to communication for non-experts ## Footnote Complex terminology may alienate or confuse individuals outside a specific field.

Question 30

Who is cited in the text regarding the exclusivity of jargon?

Answer 30

Bernard Spolsky ## Footnote Spolsky argues that if one cannot understand jargon, they do not belong to the group using it.

Question 31

In what context is jargon particularly problematic?

Answer 31

In occupational areas where non-specialists must engage with it, such as law ## Footnote Non-experts may struggle to understand legal language or 'legalese'.

Question 32

True or False: Jargon is universally understood across different fields.

Answer 32

False ## Footnote Jargon can lead to confusion and exclusion for those outside a specific community.

Question 33

What does the phrase 'If you can’t understand my jargon, you don’t belong to my group' imply?

Answer 33

Jargon can create exclusivity and a sense of belonging among insiders ## Footnote This highlights the potential for alienation of outsiders.

Question 34

What are the two main aspects of communication that jargon affects?

Answer 34

Communication efficiency and accessibility ## Footnote Jargon improves efficiency for insiders but can hinder understanding for outsiders.

Question 35

Fill in the blank: Jargon serves to facilitate _______ communication among insiders.

Answer 35

[efficient] ## Footnote Efficient communication is one of the primary purposes of jargon.

Question 36

What is one argument against the use of jargon in communication?

Answer 36

It hinders understanding and participation from non-experts ## Footnote This can lead to a lack of inclusivity in discussions.

Question 37

What is a key component of effective communication mentioned in the text?

Answer 37

Accessibility ## Footnote Effective communication should be inclusive and understandable to all participants.

Question 38

What variation in writing style is encouraged in the text?

Answer 38

Variation in sentence function and paragraph length ## Footnote This helps maintain reader engagement and clarity.

Question 39

What is the conclusion of Jane Doe's argument regarding jargon?

Answer 39

It must be balanced between communication efficiency and accessibility ## Footnote The text emphasizes the need for careful consideration of jargon use.