Diversity of Life Flashcards
(75 cards)
What plant hormone promotes fruit ripening?
Ethylene
What contains the chromosomal DNA in a bacterium?
Nucleoid
An organism that uses energy from chemical reactions and carbons from inorganic compounds to make food is known as
Chemoautotrophs
A pathogen identified in a patient’s blood sample is found to lack a phospholipid bilayer. Therefore, any medications used to treat the disease caused by this pathogen would most likely be classified as
Antiviral drugs
What structures do mammals have at some point during development?
Pharyngeal pouches, post-anal tail, a notocord
What structure is responsible for creating a water-impermeable barrier within the endodermis in the roots of plants?
Casparian Strip
Where can countercurrent exchange be found in biological systems?
Gas exchange in fish gills, temperature regulation in animals, and concentration gradient in the loop of Henle
induces seed germination and cell division
Gibberellins
gas that promotes ripening of fruit and flower production. It also induces senescence in leaves
Ethylene
causes the inhibition of growth and dormancy of seeds
Abscisic acid
stimulates growth of plants through elongation
Auxin
stimulates cell division, organ development, and delays ageing of leaves
Cytokinin
small, independent, circular double-stranded DNA molecule that carries genetic information. Can be spread from one bacterium to another
Plasmid
the outer envelope of some bacterial cells and is made of polysaccharides. It protects the bacterium from being phagocytosed therefore they tend to be more virulent
Capsule
Taxonomic rank
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species (Dear King Phillip Came Over For Great Soup)
specialized peroxisomes in plant cells responsible for the breakdown of toxic substances (ROS, nitrogenous waste, and fatty acids)
Glyoxysomes
the primary weapon created by peroxisomes
Hydrogen peroxide
present in animal cells to perform digestive processes (not found in plant cells)
Lysosomes
name given to a stack of thylakoids in the chloroplasts. They are involved in the production of energy
Granum
type of cell junction present in plants that allows for the passage of chemical signals between two adjacent cells
Plasmodesmata
present in plants to control the opening and closing of stomata. They regulate water levels in plants in extreme climates
Guard cells
sunlight is absorbed and converted to chemical energy
Phototrophs
energy is obtained from breaking bonds of chemical compounds
Chemotrophs
electrons are obtained from organic compounds (electrons are required for oxidation-reduction reactions during ATP synthesis and biosynthesis of other compounds)
Organotrophs
