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Infect & Immune 2 AW, DJT & ISB > DJT L1 Fungal infections > Flashcards

DJT L1 Fungal infections Flashcards

(56 cards)

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1
Q

What are fungi?

A

Eukaryotic organisms - have true nuclei

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2
Q

Fungi are divided into (2)

A

Yeast and moulds

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3
Q

yeasts are uni or multicellular?

moulds “ “ “ “

A

Yeast - unicellular

Mould - multi-cellular

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4
Q

Yeast have what shaped cells?

A

Round/oval

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5
Q

Yeasts reproduce by

A

budding or fission

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6
Q

Moulds are also called……

and produce ………

A

filamentous fungi

produce hyphae

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7
Q

Fungi are carbon heterotrophs and therefore require…..

A

preformed organic compounds as carbon sources

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8
Q

Fungi may be geophilic, ………………. or ……………..

A

zoophilic or anthrophilic

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9
Q

Why is there a higher chance of side effects with fungal therapies

A

because eukaryotes

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10
Q

moulds replicate via

A

spore formation

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11
Q

Dermatophytes are ……… with an affinity for ……………

A

moulds

keratin - (skin, nails, hair)

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12
Q

How are dermatophyte infections diagnosed?

A

visually

or clippings for analyze cause and monitor treatment progress

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13
Q

Common symptoms of dermatophytes?

A

itching
burning
pain
irritation

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14
Q

ring worm is also called…

and may occur (3)

A

tinea

scalp, groin, skin

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15
Q

First line treatment for tinea corporis and crusis?

Second line?

A

1st - Topical imidazole
(but also terbinafine creams)
bd until 2 weeks after inprovment

2nd - Terbinafine
(or itraconazole)
- for immunocompromised or therapy fails

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16
Q

Tinea capitis treatment

A

Sensitivity testing advised!

oral (griseofulvin/terbinafine)
and
ketoconazole shampoos (or terbinafine creams to prevent risk of transmission)

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17
Q

Griseofulvin/terbinafine are effective against which tineas?

A

Gris - trichophyton tonsurans und microsporum spp

Terb - trichophyton tonsurans

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18
Q

Griseofulvin has a broad/narrow therapeutic range?

And is only effective against ……. infections

A

narrow

dermatophyte

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19
Q

Griseofulvin is c/i in patients with (4)

A
  • severe liver disease
  • systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
  • breastfeeding
  • pregnancy (men should not father children in 6 months)
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20
Q

Why are long courses of gris needed?

A

because it does not persist in keratinous tissue after the end of therapy

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21
Q

Griseofulvin s/e (4)

A 
MAIN
-may impair skilled tasks
-GI
-cognitive
-hypersensitivity
ALSO peripheral neuropathy, leucopenia photosensitivity
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22
Q

When to take griseofulvin?

A

with or after fatty food

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23
Q

Does griseofulvin interact with other drugs?

Study These Flashcards
A

Yes

  • potentiates alcohol
  • decreased efficacy of COC, coumarins, ciclosporin
24
Q

Tinea pedis is also known as

and is usually found…

Study These Flashcards
A

athletes foot

interdigit
skin becomes scaled, macerated and fissuring

25
3 causative organisms of athletes foot
- trichophyton rubrum - trichophyton mentagrophytes - epidermophyton floccosum
26
1st line treatment of athlete's foot? | 2nd line?
-Imidazole cream 2-4 weeks (or terbinafine or undecorated) -oral treatment (terbinafine/itraconazole)
27
What is the daily dose of terbinafine?
250mg (6 weeks)
28
What is the daily dose of itraconazole
100mg (30 days)
29
What is the daily dose of Griseofulvin?
500mg (4 weeks)
30
Terbinafine has ......% oral BA
80%
31
Terbinafine is contraindicated in (2)
pregnancy | liver disease
32
Terbinafine concentrates itself where in the body?
keratinous tissues
33
s/e terbinafine (4)
GI hepatotoxicity with prolong therapy serious skin reactions rare psychiatric disturbances
34
Interactions with terbinafine (2)
OCP - breakthrough bleeding Rifampicin reduces levels (generally show negligible inhibition of P450)
35
Causative species of fungal nail (4) | onychomycosis
- Trichophyton rubrum - Epidermophyton floccosum - Trichophyton mentagrophytes - Candida
36
There are 6 subtypes of fungal nail infection but ......... is the most common
DLSO
37
What is necessary in fungal nail treatments?
clippings as treatment is diffuclt
38
Management of systemic fungal nail infections
Terbinafine 250mg 6 weeks - 6 months or Itraconazole 200mg daily -3 months (or alternative 'pulse' therapy' as it stays in keratin)
39
When is topical treatment of fungal nails suitable (2)
2 nails or superficial or early OR people who cannot take systemic
40
2 options for local treatment of fungal nails
Tioconazole (bd 6-12 months) | Amorolfine (once/twice weekly up to 12 months)
41
What is pityriasis versicolor?
Yeast infection - colonisation of the stratum corneum | causes pigmentation disorder
42
Why does pityriasis occur at puberty?
yeast has a high affinity for fatty acids in the sebum common in hot climate relapse is common
43
Treatment for pityriasis
Topical - ketoconazole/selenium shampoo, imidazole/terbinafine creams Systemic (if wide spread or topical fails) - itraconazole - fluconazole
44
Daily dose of fluconazole?
5omg
45
Diagnostic test for pityriasis? | Also may present as....
UV lamp may also present as seborrheic dermatitis
46
Oral ketacoconazole MHRA durg safey updats says
- no longer suitable for first line therapy or for an superficial conditions - specialist use only - risk v benefits - serious hepatotoxicity increases with duration of treatment - monitor liver function
47
Superficial candida infection species: (3)
c. albicans c. glabrata c. krusei and many more
48
Treatment for oral candida depends on....? (3)
other medications HIV status and multiple sites of infection
49
Topical therapies for candida? (2)
- imidazole antifungals (miconazole oral gel) | - polyene antifungals (nystatin suspension)
50
Oral therapies for candida
Fluconazole | 50mg daily for 7-14 days
51
vaginal thrush is common when (3)
pregnancy diabetes mellitus broad spec antibiotics (>4 cases/year needs investigating)
52
most common cause of genital candida
c albicans
53
Diagnosis of vaginal thrush is...
symptomatic unless there is an STI risk
54
Treatment of vaginal thrush
``` topical imidazoles (1-3 days) oral fluconazole (150mg stat) ```
55
Cutaneous candidiasis occurs in whom? (4)
babies with nappy rash immuno compromised systemic antibiotics skin maceration
56
Management if cutaneous candidiasis?
- Skin care advice - topical imidazole -oral fluc only when severe (and not in children)

Infect & Immune 2 AW, DJT & ISB (9 decks)

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