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ENT 1 > DM- audiology tympanometry > Flashcards

DM- audiology tympanometry Flashcards

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1
Q

provides objective info about middle ear integrity

A

tympanometry

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2
Q

how tympanometry works

A

induces pressure change in ear canal & makes graphic representation of acoustic compliance of TM

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3
Q

bell shaped tympanometry means…

A

normal compliance/middle ear integrity

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4
Q

3 parts of middle ear

A

malleus
incus
stapes

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5
Q

flat tracing on tympanometry means (3)

A

no change w/ change in pressure
middle ear fluid w/ small equivalent volume
TM perforation or patent PT tube w/ large equivalent

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6
Q

negative pressure on tympanometry means..

A

retracted TM

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7
Q

2 newborn screenings

A

ABR & OAE

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8
Q

formed by synchronous electrical activity of neurons in various parts of the auditory nervous sys; 35dB presentation level

A

ABR

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9
Q

records evoked potential and waves from low brainstem; pass or refer

A

ABR

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10
Q

what does it mean if response present result with ABR

A

r/o significant amount of hearing loss

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11
Q

sound introduced in ear, response generated from cochlear outer hair cells & emission recorded in external auditory canal

A

OAE

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12
Q

what does the OAE tell you- does it tell you about if there is hearing loss?

A

NO. it tells how the cochlea is functioning

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13
Q

what happens to babies who refer on ABR or OAE or can’t perform behavioral testing?

A

they move on to diagnostic OAE or ABR

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14
Q

CONFIRMS function through level of cochlear outer hair cells

A

diagnostic OAE

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15
Q

ESTIMATES degree of hearing

A

diagnostic ABR

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16
Q

duration of diagnostic OAE vs diagnostic ABR

A

diagnostic OAE takes less than 20 mins while the ABR one takes hours

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17
Q

which diagnostic new born hearing thing requires sedation in kids over 3 months old

A

diagnostic ABR

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18
Q

4 pediatric hearing screening

A

tympanometry
visual reinforcement audiometry (VRA)
conditioned play audiometry (CPA)
conventional audiometry

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19
Q

pediatric hearing screen for age 10-12months & up

A

Visual reinforcement audiometry (VRA)

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20
Q

pediatric hearing screen for 2.3-4 yrs of age

A

conditioned play audiometry (CPA)

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21
Q

which pediatric screening involves kids sitting in lap and turning in direction of sound w/ toy lighting up if they get it right

A

visual reinforcement audiometry (VRA)

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22
Q

which pediatric screening requires kid to perform action in response to sound but requires flexibility bc of kids short attention span

A

conditioned play audiometry (CPA)

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23
Q

pediatric hearing screen for 5+ years old/kindergartners

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A

conventional audiometry

24
Q

one con about the conventional audiometry

Study These Flashcards
A

its in less than ideal environment

25
3 adult hearing screens
pure tone audiometry w/ air & bone conduction word recognition testing acoustic immittance measures (tympanograms and acoustic reflex threshold)
26
what is otosclerosis
fixation of the stapes footplate
27
type of hearing loss with otosclerosis
conductive or mixed
28
natural hx of otosclerosis
gradual onset and progression-- adult onset (middle aged women) fam hx of hearing loss
29
which condition can rapidly progress in pregnancy or after labor?
otosclerosis
30
how is otosclerosis diagnsoed?
audiometric findings, hx, imaging ear exam is normally normal
31
tx of otosclerosis
stapedectomy (surgery) hearing aid
32
what causes meniere's dz
malfunction in endolymph volume regulation mechanism in inner ear endolymphatic pressure increases in sac
33
menieres involves distinct episodes of.. (4)
aural pressure/fullness unilateral tinnitus (roaring sound) prolonged rotational vertigo low frequency fluctuating sensorineural loss
34
sx of idiopathic endolymphatic hydrops
several variations of classic sx and can be BILATERAL cochlear or vestibular hydrops
35
how to control attacks of idiopathic endolymphatic hydrops (4)
diet-- low salt, caffeine, chocolate, alcohol meds endolymphatic sac decompression labryinthectomy
36
hair cells in cochlea are damaged d/t exposure to excessive noise
noise induced deafness
37
type of hearing loss with noise induced deafness
sensorineural loss
38
2 things that result in noise induced deafness
chronic exposure to noise ove 85 dB SPL acoustic trauma from one exposure to high intensity noise (gun, firecracker)
39
what frequency is hearing loss often worse with noise induced deafness
4000 hz
40
tx of noise induced deafness
nothing available but hearing aid may help
41
what causes sensorineural loss & duration of this kind of loss vs. what causes conductive loss
sensorineural: cochlea or nerves related to it; usually permanent conductive: middle or external ear pathology
42
on audiogram graph, what does it mean when x and < line up?
bilateral hearing loss
43
4 common causes of sensorineural loss
presbycusis noise ototoxicity menieres dz sudden viral or vascular insult
44
what causes sudden sensorineural hearing loss
disruption of vascular supply to cochlea via stroke or surgery (can also be viral, MS, autoimmune, unknown)
45
tx for sudden sensorineural loss?
its emergent steroids & antivirals ASAP to increase chance of recovery some hearing loss improves spontaneously
46
which is more amendable to intervention-- sensorineural or conductive loss
conductive
47
if no medical intervention, what can you do for conductive loss
refer to ENT for possible amplification
48
audiometric results of both conductive loss & mixed hearing loss
air-bone gap of 15 dB or more
49
audiometric results of sensorineural loss
bone and ear conduction lines up
50
common causes of conductive loss (5)
wax impaction ear drainage otitis externa/media ossicular pathology (otosclerosis, congenital, trauma) cholesteatoma
51
tx of mixed hearing loss
surgery or amplication
52
common causes of mixed hearing loss (3)
presbycusis + cerumen congenital sensorineural + otitis media otosclerosis + noise exposure
53
what are the tuning fork tests used for
figure out type of loss
54
what does it mean if bone > air with rinne test
conductive loss--- it will be abnormal in affected ear
55
unilateral sensorineural vs conductive loss, what side does weber lateralize
sensorineural: unaffected side conductive: affected side

ENT 1 (9 decks)

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